Smart scaffolds in bone tissue engineering: A systematic review of literature

Motamedian, Saeed Reza; Hosseinpour, Sepanta; Ahsaie, Mitra Ghazizadeh; Khojasteh, Arash

doi:10.4252/wjsc.v7.i3.657

Cited by 134 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Osteoconductivity, porosity and biodegradability are some of the required properties needed for scaffolds to be successful in bone tissue engineering. These properties will enhance bone formation, angiogenesis, support the attachment and proliferation of osteoblasts cells on the scaffold [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis and Characterization of Chitosan/Gum Arabic Nanoparticles for Bone Regeneration

Ibekwe¹,

Oyatogun²,

Esan³

et al. 2017

AJMSE

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Chitosan /gum arabic nanoparticles (C/G)have been prepared by ionic gelation method. This was with a view to enhance the mechanical properties and its application as bone graft scaffold. The cowry shells were washed, dried, pulverized and subsequently sieved with mesh No. 60, size 250 µm. It was deproteinized, Chitin was isolated from the synthesis by demineralising in 0.5 M Hydrochloric acid, and subsequently deacetylated by the addition of 40% (W/V) of Sodium hydroxide to synthesize chitosan. The raw chitosan was purified using 2% (v/v) acetic acid solution. The synthesized chitosan and gum arabic, a product of Acacia tree, were used to prepare chitosan/gum arabic nanoparticles by ionic gelation method. Mechanical characterization was carried out on the synthesized material using universal testing machine. Analysis of the chemical composition was carried out using Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) and X-Ray fluorescence, (XRF). Furthermore, the morphology of the materials were studied using scanning electron microscopy, SEM and the dimension of the nanoparticles were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Finally, an attempt was made to ascertain its suitability for bone regeneration. The FTIR spectra result confirmed that the nanoparticle was actually a derivative of chitosan by the observed shift in the peak 3462 to 3404cm- -1 and 712 cm -1 on C/G nanoparticles spectrum were similar to the native chitosan spectrum which shows that there was no change in the main backbone of chitosan structure. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) study revealed chitosan as polymeric rods, while the chitosan /gum arabic nanoparticles in aggregate. The TEM was to confirm nanoparticles of average size of 200nm. The ultimate compressive strength was found to have increased by 78.21%, the Young Modulus by 54.4 % and percentage elongation by 7%. In overall assessment, mechanical properties of the chitosan/gum arabic nanoparticles were better than native chitosan. The study concluded that crosslinking of chitosan with gum arabic to form its nanoparticles derivative improved the mechanical properties of chitosan and consequently its application as a bone graft substitute for bone regeneration.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biodegradable polymers are appropriate substrates for cells to attach, grow and maintain a differentiated phenotype [7]. They have also attracted significant interest because of their flexibility, in terms of chemical manipulation, and their biodegradability [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of Chitosan/Gum Arabic Nanoparticles for Bone Regeneration

Ibekwe¹,

Oyatogun²,

Esan³

et al. 2017

AJMSE

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“…5 To circumvent at least some of these limitations, scaffold supplements such as nanoparticles, components of the extracellular matrix or growth factors have been incorporated into conventional scaffold materials to produce smart scaffolds that are more conducive to bone regeneration. 6 Although bone morphogenetic protein-2 is critical for osteogenesis and bone regeneration, 7 there have been recent concerns regarding the clinical side effects associated with the use of large doses of this recombinant growth factor supplement. 8 Thus, it is desirable to develop a multifunctional scaffold supplement that is osteoinductive, biodegradable, and performs other significant bone regenerative roles apart from stimulation of osteogenic differentiation.…”

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confidence: 99%

Biodegradable mesoporous delivery system for biomineralization precursors

Yang

Niu²,

Sun³

et al. 2017

IJN

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Scaffold supplements such as nanoparticles, components of the extracellular matrix, or growth factors have been incorporated in conventional scaffold materials to produce smart scaffolds for tissue engineering of damaged hard tissues. Due to increasing concerns on the clinical side effects of using large doses of recombinant bone-morphogenetic protein-2 in bone surgery, it is desirable to develop an alternative nanoscale scaffold supplement that is not only osteoinductive, but is also multifunctional in that it can perform other significant bone regenerative roles apart from stimulation of osteogenic differentiation. Because both amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) and silica are osteoinductive, a biodegradable, nonfunctionalized, expanded-pore mesoporous silica nanoparticle carrier was developed for loading, storage, and sustained release of a novel, biosilicification-inspired, polyamine-stabilized liquid precursor phase of ACP for collagen biomineralization and for release of orthosilicic acid, both of which are conducive to bone growth. Positively charged poly(allylamine)-stabilized ACP (PAH-ACP) could be effectively loaded and released from nonfunctionalized expanded-pore mesoporous silica nanoparticles (pMSN). The PAH-ACP released from loaded pMSN still retained its ability to infiltrate and mineralize collagen fibrils. Complete degradation of pMSN occurred following unloading of their PAH-ACP cargo. Because PAH-ACP loaded pMSN possesses relatively low cytotoxicity to human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, these nanoparticles may be blended with any osteoconductive scaffold with macro- and microporosities as a versatile scaffold supplement to enhance bone regeneration.

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“…2,3 However, due to its limitations, other techniques, such as stem cell therapy and alloplastic grafts have been developed. [4][5][6][7] Repair of bone defects comprises three major stages: Inflammation, repair, and remodeling. 8,9 During the inflammatory stage, leukocytes and fibroblasts infiltrate bone defect under regulation of cytokines, followed by angiogenesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Topical Honey on Mandibular Bone Defect Healing in Rats

Hajizadeh

Derakhshan

Peimani

et al. 2018

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice

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Aim: In medicine, honey is known for its various biological or pharmacological effects, from wound dressing to anticancerogenic and from anti-inflammatory to antibacterial activities. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of honey on healing of mandibular bone defects in a rat model. Materials and methods:This animal study was performed on 24 wild-type Wistar rats. Following shaving, disinfection, and extraoral incision, a 2 × 2 mm defect was created at mandibular angle. In the experimental group, the defect was filled with sterile honey, while it was left unfilled in the control group. The rats were sacrificed after 2 and 4 weeks and defects were assessed histologically. The results were compared using Mann-Whitney U-test (α = 0.05).Results: After 2 weeks, five samples of the experimental group were in mineralization phase, while all samples of the control group were in the vascularization phase (p = 0.015). After 4 weeks, the defects were filled in four samples of the experimental group, while all samples of the control group were in the mineralization stage (p = 0.002). Histomorphometric assessment revealed that the mean new bone formation in the experimental group was significantly more than the control group, both after 2 and 4 weeks (p = 0.041). Effect of Topical Honey on Mandibular Bone Conclusion:The results showed that honey could accentuate bone healing of mandibular small defects in rats.Clinical significance: Honey might have potential in repair of human alveolar bone defects.

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Smart scaffolds in bone tissue engineering: A systematic review of literature

Abstract: Regarding the variability in methodology of these in vitro studies it was demonstrated that smart modification of scaffolds can improve tissue properties.

Cited by 134 publications

References 73 publications

Synthesis and Characterization of Chitosan/Gum Arabic Nanoparticles for Bone Regeneration

Synthesis and Characterization of Chitosan/Gum Arabic Nanoparticles for Bone Regeneration

Biodegradable mesoporous delivery system for biomineralization precursors

Effect of Topical Honey on Mandibular Bone Defect Healing in Rats

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