Slow growth in vitro culture for conservation of Chilotanum potato germplasm

Abstract

To keep potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) germplasm accessions disease-free and available for use, these are conserved as in vitro microplants under tissue culture conditions. The management of in vitro plants is labor intensive due to the necessity of periodic transferring of explants to new containers and fresh medium (sub culturing). The effectiveness of MS medium supplemented with sorbitol or mannitol in conservation of potato germplasm corresponding to different genotypes from Chilean native landraces (Chilotanum group) was investigated. Growth curves for modelling, describing and predicting shoot elongation of in vitro potato plants through the time in different culture media were developed as a tool to plan subculture labor for refreshing explants to new media. In MS medium without osmotic active compounds the rate of shoot elongation (k) was 1.12-1.45 cm wk-1 with 0% mortality. In media supplemented with 20, 40, and 60 g L-1 sorbitol, k value ranged between 0.58-0.35, 0.42-0.27 and 0.09-0.05 cm wk-1 , respectively. Mortality was 0%, 13%, and 26% for such treatments. In case of mannitol, k value ranged between 0.14-0.25, 0.065-0.11 and 0.042-0.068 cm wk-1 with 3%, 6%, and 26% mortality for 20, 40, and 60 g L-1 , respectively. These data can be used to predict shoot elongation rate in different media that provide several alternatives of speed of growth. The information allows to design an adequate strategy for organizing the work in a potato germplasm bank of S. tuberosum, Chilotanum group.

In vitro conservation of Amburana cearensis (Fabaceae)

“…These carbohydrates reduced the water potential and the availability of water to the explants (HUANG et al, 2014). osmotic agents like mannitol and sorbitol reduced the absorption of minerals by the cells by means of different osmotic pressures, thus retarding plant growth (TAVAZZA et al, 2015;MUÑOZ et al, 2019). In this context, mannitol, sucrose and sorbitol have been reported to prolong the useful lifetime of in vitro cultured tissues (SHARAF et al, 2012).…”

“…One of the ways to conserve plant matter is by slow growth in culture media, a method of ex situ conservation that reduces the plants' metabolism, by chemical and/or physical modifications in the medium or culture conditions (AL-ABDALLAT et al, 2017;ATTIA et al, 2018;MUÑoZ et al, 2019).…”

Establishment of callus culture of Melientha suavis Pierre

“…The cultured explants were transferred to a growth chamber and maintained at 24 ± 2 °C under 12:12 h photoperiod illuminated by warm white LED bulb (18 W, bioBULB, Bangkok, Thailand) with intensity of 40 μmol m -2 s -1 and 85 ± 5% relative humidity (Muñoz et al, 2019). Survival rate and the number of callus formation of the cultured explants were evaluated for 8 wk.…”

Evaluation of Culture Media for In Vitro Conservation of Gladiolus Cultivars

“…Osmotic agents acted as a growth retardant by causing osmotic stress to the plantlet under in vitro conservation. When supplemented to the medium, sucrose reduced the hydric potential and restricted water availability to the plantlet (Muñoz, Díaz, Reinún, Winkler, & Quevedo, 2019). The osmotic agent inhibited mineral uptake through differences in osmotic retention, thereby retarding plantlet growth (Nufus, Saptadi, & Yulianti, 2018).…”