SiO2/polyvinylimidazole hybrid polymer as a sorbent for extraction by matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD): synthesis, characterization, and evaluation

Abstract

A novel hybrid polymer was developed and evaluated as a sorbent for the matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) extraction of pesticides. The hybrid polymer was synthesized by the sol-gel method and by free radical polymerization. The chemical structure of the resulting hybrid polymer (SiO 2 -PVI) was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Thermal analyses suggest that the polymer consists of an organic/inorganic ratio of 28:72 wt/wt%. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and elemental analysis (EDS) revealed particle aggregates and a rough surface and suggested that the polymer is primarily composed of SiO 2 . The obtained pore size was appropriate for use in a solid-phase extraction support. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to assess the surface composition of the hybrid polymer and indicated the presence of C, N, O, and Si. The material was tested for extraction of five selected organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) in propolis using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). In experiments performed in triplicate at 1.0 μg mL −1 , pesticide recovery was in the range of 81-122 %. In addition, the sorbent hybrid polymer (SiO 2 -PVI) demonstrated good repeatability (RSD≤11 %), on the same order as C18 (commercial sorbent) when tested under the same conditions. These results suggest that SiO 2 -PVI hybrid polymer is a good sorptive material that is comparable to the commercially utilized C18 and can be used in MSPD for the extraction of organophosphorus pesticides.

Hierarchical Graphene/Metal–Organic Framework Composites with Tailored Wettability for Separation of Immiscible Liquids

“…The additional peaks in between 500 and 1350 cm –1 and the humps in between 1350 and 1500 cm –1 designated to the respective plane bending and stretching of imidazole ring confirmed the deposition of ZIF-8 on the GF@PDA-Z 2 framework. This was further illustrated by a small peak at 1584 cm –1 for the stretching vibration of C–N from imidazole and the peaks at 2929 and 3135 cm –1 for C–H stretching vibrations, respectively. , Finally, a new peak arising from the covalent C–F bonds was found at 1214 cm –1 , and the peaks linked to the bending and stretching vibrations of Si–O–Si appeared at 778 and 1075 cm –1 , respectively, , revealing the successful fluorination of GF@PDA and GF@PDA-Z 2 .…”

“…SEM images of (a) GF@PDA-Z 1 , (b) GF@PDA-Z 2 , (c) GF@PDA-Z 3 , (d) GF@PDA-Z 4 , (a1) F-GF@PDA-Z 1 , (b1) F-GF@PDA-Z 2 , (c1) F-GF@PDA-Z 3 , and (d1) F-GF@PDA-Z 4 , corresponding to the initial concentrations of GF@PDA at 28.6, 7.15, 2.86, and 1.43 wt %, respectively. respectively, 27,28 revealing the successful fluorination of GF@ PDA and GF@PDA-Z 2 .…”

Adsorptivity of a Hyper Cross-Linked Ionic Polymer Poly(vinyl imidazole)-1,4-bis(chloromethyl)benzene for Thiophenic Sulfurs in Model Oil

“…Besides, a wide OH absorption is found around 3413.4 cm –1 due to the presence of trace amount of water in the sample. Compared with PVim, some new peaks were found for PVimBCmBn, viz.1550.5 cm –1 for stretching vibration of benzene skeleton, 831.2 cm –1 for CH deformation vibration of the benzene ring, as well as the strong peak at 1153.2 cm –1 for the in-plane CH bending vibration of the imidazolium ring . Besides, the mix peak of CN and CN around 1284.4 cm –1 disappears and a weak single peak appears at 1290 cm –1 , because the two CN bonds become identical in the imidazolium ring in terms of bond symmetry and connection, and accordingly the two peaks converged into one.…”

Reaction-Based Semiconducting Polymer Nanoprobes for Photoacoustic Imaging of Protein Sulfenic Acids

“…This was also confirmed by the characteristic peak at ∼1100 cm −1 for the Si−O−Si bond in Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis (Figure S2, Supporting Information). 43 The surface structure of SPNs was constructed by adding silane-PEG molecules as the terminators to the reaction. Utilization of a silane-PEG-azide/ silane-PEG (Figure 1a) mixture at a weight percentage of 20 w/w % not only conferred SPNs with a PEG passive layer for biocompatibility and aqueous stability but also yielded the azide reaction groups on the nanoparticle surface for postconjugation.…”