Adsorptivity of a Hyper Cross-Linked Ionic Polymer Poly(vinyl imidazole)-1,4-bis(chloromethyl)benzene for Thiophenic Sulfurs in Model Oil

Abstract

A hyper cross-linked ionic polymer (HCIP) PVimBCmBn was synthesized through free radical polymerization of 1-vinylimidazole (Vim) and quaternized cross-linking with 1,4-bis­(chloromethyl) benzene (BCmBn). Its composition, structure, morphology, specific area, porous structure and thermal stability were characterized, and the desulfurization performance was investigated. The results show that the HCIP prepared with stoichiometric ratio of PVim and BCmBn are ultrafine powders with specific area of 99.6 m2·g–1 and average pore size of 16.1 nm, being micro/mesoporous materials. The S-removability of HCIP is superior to its precursor (ethyl imidazole) and the imidazolium-based ionic liquids (ILs), which manifests the importance of the available micropores for the accommodation of sulfur molecules with less energy barrier. The adsorption isotherms of PVimBCmBn follow the Langmuir equation with its saturated adsorbance being 7.0, 5.2, and 4.1 mgS·g–1, respectively, for dibenzothiophene, benzothiophene, and thiophene in model oil at 293 K. However, its adsorptive removal ability for DBT in diesel oil is quite low due to its limited S-selectivity with respect to the abundant confused ring aromatics wherein.

Obtainment and Characterization of Hydrophilic Polysulfone Membranes by N-Vinylimidazole Grafting Induced by Gamma Irradiation

“…Methods to obtain hydrophilic membranes include the graft of polymers with antifouling characteristics. These materials are covalent bonded to the main chain of a polymeric matrix [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. The graft of antifouling polymers enhances membrane permeability, performance and membrane lifetime, avoiding undesired interactions between both the membrane material and the feed solution [ 11 , 12 ]; meanwhile, the operation costs and environmental impacts in the membrane applications are also reduced by this process [ 12 , 13 , 14 ].…”

Maximizing the Density of Active Groups in Porous Poly(ionic liquids) for Efficient Adsorptive Desulfurization

“…Calculated from the reciprocal of the slope, the saturated DBT adsorption capacity on P­[BPPIM] reached as high as 37.13 mgS·g –1 . According to our knowledge, it was the best one among the reported PILs, ,,− and even larger than several typical porous materials, such as MCM-41, activated carbon, and MIL-100 − (Table S3).…”

“…Copolymerization of ionic liquid monomers with the rigid aromatic vinyls ensured their high specific surface area, but the mass density of active IL groups in PPILs was low. Li et al 22 synthesized cross-linked PPILs through a two-step approach, in which the linear polymer was first obtained by the free radical polymerization of 1-vinylimidazolium, and followed by a quaternized cross-linking with 1,4-bis(chloromethyl) benzene. However, its specific surface area (99.6 m 2 •g −1 ) was not large enough for good desulfurization performance.…”

High-Efficiency Separation of Aromatic Sulfide from Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuel in Conjugated Porous Organic Framework with Polycarbazole Unit

“…The highest uptake amount of 3-methylthiophene is observed in m -Cz-POF, which could reach 7.762 mmol/g (248.4 mg of S/g) at 298 K. This value is far beyond those of the porous absorbents previously reported (Figure ). − ,,,,− As for o -Cz-POF and p -Cz-POF, the maximum 3-methylthiophene absorption amounts are 6.266 and 7.599 mmol/g (200.5 and 243.2 mg of S/g), respectively, which indicated that the aromatic sulfide adsorption capacity was positively correlated with their surface area. The uptake of n -octane for o -Cz-POF, m -Cz-POF, and p -Cz-POF was 5.006, 6.238, and 5.903 mmol/g, respectively (Figure b).…”