Sincronização não-fótica: o efeito do exercício físico aeróbio

Abstract

The main alterations, either acute or chronic, caused by aerobic physical exercise (PE) over the body are generally well-known. However, there is a particular effect of PE which started to be elucidated in the beginning of the 90's in humans which has the capacity to alter the temporal relationship of the body with the environment. The modification of the expression of the circadian rhythms caused by PE qualifies it as a synchronizer of the biological oscillators. The main synchronizer of the biological rhythm is the light / dark geophysical cycle. The day / night rotation which occurs through differences in the luminosity levels is perceived through photic ways by the CTS. These stimuli, called photic, provide temporal information to the CTS synchronizing hence the biological oscillators to this environmental cycle. Other stimuli are also capable to synchronize them and are called non-photic synchronizers. This review writes about the effect of PE over the temporization system as well as discusses the possible and probable chronobiological applications of the mentioned knowledge. PE may affect the CTS through non-photic ways, being hence able to benefit health of individuals in several situations, such as transmeridian flights, night shift tasks and sleep disturbs. Moreover, we highlight that further studies should be conducted on individuals' routine in order to better understand the relationship between different synchronizers as well as their contribution in a real context.

A baixa duração do sono está associada com a inatividade física em adolescentes amazonenses?

“…Estudo de revisão de Back et al 24 apontou a AF aeróbica como sincronizador não--fótico, que afeta o sistema de temporização circadiana (STC) por meio de vias não-fóticas, assim podendo adiantar ou atrasar o sono, desta forma, adequando os horários de sono, evitando privação.…”

Associação entre transtornos do sono e níveis de fragilidade entre idosos

“…Some elderly choose activities that require less physical effort and frequent naps possibly by having some limitation in functional capacity. (21) Physical inactivity or fatigue may indicate a symptom of depression or physical illness, (22) which can cause social isolation. Some studies have indicated the association between depressive symptoms and naps.…”

“…There are medications that can induce the elderly to sleep, such as antihistamines, antidepressants, benzodiazepines, (24) making the elderly to feel unwell for practicing physical activities as a result of excessive daytime sleepiness. (21) The prescription of medicines to the elderly must be accurate and monitored, as some drugs can impair gait and cognition of these subjects, and it may cause drowsiness and indisposition, leading them to physical inactivity. (24) Deleterious effects of frailty, such as loss of physical function and reduced socialization, can negatively affect social activities, physical exercise and exposure to sunlight outdoors.…”

Fotoproteção e exercício físico

“…Tem sido utilizada em sistemas de aquecimento de água residencial, em repetidores de telecomunicações, bem como, fornecimento de energia elétrica para equipamentos e dispositivos espaciais. Pesquisas estão sendo realizadas para melhor aproveitamento da energia solar, com enorme potencial de aplicação em larga escala (25) .…”

“…Outras variações significativas são previstas por estatística, tal como a incidência média da radiação solar por um período de tempo. Existem ainda os efeitos da formação de nuvens, poluição atmosférica, pó e nevoeiros (4,25) .…”