Simultaneous separation of ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin and ofloxacin by micellar electrokinetic chromatography

Abstract

Este trabalho descreve o desenvolvimento de um método simples de eletroforese capilar (EC) para determinação simultânea dos três derivados mais frequentemente usados da fluoroquinolona: ciprofloxacina, norfloxacina e ofloxacina. Devido às características estruturais e físico-químicas muito semelhantes, ciprofloxacina e norfloxacina não podem ser separadas pelo método clássico de eletroforese capilar de zona (CZE). Suas separações podem ser resolvidas usando cromatografia eletrocinética micelar (MEKC), adicionando um surfactante aniônico à solução-tampão. A eficiência da separação pode ser intensificada através da otimização de parâmetros analíticos. Um método rápido e confiável foi desenvolvido, e os melhores resultados foram obtidos usando uma solução-tampão contendo tetraborato de sódio 25 mmol L -1 , dodecilsulfato de sódio 100 mmol L -1 e metanol 5% como modificador orgânico.This work describes the development of a simple capillary electrophoresis (CE) method for simultaneous determination of the three most frequently used fluoroquinolone derivatives: ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin and ofloxacin. Due to very similar structural and physicochemical characteristics, ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin cannot be separated by the classic method of capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE). Their separations can be solved using micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC), by adding an anionic surfactant to the buffer solution. The efficiency of the separation can be enhanced through the optimization of analytical parameters. A fast reliable method was developed, and the best results were obtained using a buffer solution containing 25 mmol L -1 sodium tetraborate, 100 mmol L -1 sodium dodecyl sulphate and 5% methanol as organic modifier.

Chiral selectors in CE: Recent development and applications (mid‐2014 to mid‐2016)

“…Moreover, when M-␤-CD was used as a CS, the complexation constants were higher for 10-hydroxywarfarin than for warfarin, and therefore, the former exerts stronger affinity to M-␤-CD and stronger stereoselective effect. RAMEB was used in CE as a CS for the enantioseparation of several analytes, such as omeprazole, amlodipine, and ofloxacin [51][52][53][54]. Briefly, Hancu et al [51] studied the chiral separation of omeprazole by using several neutral and negatively charged CDs.…”

Recent advances in CE analysis of antibiotics and its use as chiral selectors

“…EKC‐UV has also been applied to the separation of fluoroquinolone antibiotics . The separation of three fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, and ofloxacin) was carried out by MEKC with SDS in the BGE .…”

“…EKC‐UV has also been applied to the separation of fluoroquinolone antibiotics . The separation of three fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, and ofloxacin) was carried out by MEKC with SDS in the BGE . These three antibiotics are in general the most frequent fluoroquinolone derivatives and, although they are not therapeutically employed simultaneously, complex mixtures of them can be found in the environment.…”

Multiobjective optimization strategy based on desirability functions used for the microemulsion liquid chromatographic separation and quantification of norfloxacin and tinidazole in plasma and formulations

“…The spectrophotometric technique is the most widely used in pharmaceutical analysis . Other analytical methods have been used such as spectrofluorimetry , HPLC , electrochemical analysis , luminescence , and CE .…”