Silicon-based three-dimensional microstructures for radiation dosimetry in hadrontherapy

Guardiola, Consuelo; Quirion, D.; Pellegrini, G.; Fleta, C.; Esteban, S.; Cortés-Giraldo, M.A.; Gómez, F.; Solberg, Timothy D.; Cárabe, Alejandro; Lozano, M.

doi:10.1063/1.4926962

Cited by 18 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The microdosimeter employed in this work is a new type of three dimensional diode designed and developed by IMB-CNM (CSIC) at their facilities in Barcelona, Spain (Guardiola, Quirion, Pellegrini, Fleta, Esteban, Cortés-Giraldo, Gómez, Solberg, Carabe & Lozano 2015). The detector is comprised of several individual sensors or unit cells arranged in an array capable of individual readout for the detection of energy deposition events.…”

Section: Silicon Microdosimetermentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of charge collection efficiency and electronic noise on the performance of solid-state 3D microdetectors

et al. 2020

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Microdosimetry has been traditionally performed through gaseous proportional counters, although in recent years different solid-state microdosimeters have been proposed and constructed for this task. In this paper, we analyze the response of solid-state devices of micrometric size with no intrinsic gain developed by CNM-CSIC (Spain). There are two major aspects of the operation of these devices that affect the reconstruction of the probability distributions and momenta of stochastic quantities related to microdosimetry. For micrometric volumes, the drift and diffusion of the charge carriers gives rise to a partial charge collection efficiency in the peripheral region of the depleted volume. This effect produces a perturbation of the reconstructed pulse height (i.e. imparted energy) distributions with respect to the actual microdosimetric distributions. The relevance of this deviation depends on the size, geometry and operating conditions of the device. On the other hand, the electronic noise from the single-event readout set-up poses a limit on the minimum detectable lineal energy when the microdosimeter size is reduced. This article addresses these issues to provide a framework on the physical constraints for the design and operation of solid-state microdosimeters.

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Section: Silicon Microdosimetermentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of charge collection efficiency and electronic noise on the performance of solid-state 3D microdetectors

et al. 2020

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“…Due to the non-tissue equivalent nature of silicon, corrections must be made for effective extraction of dose parameters [ 8 ]. Over the years, since the first publication on silicon microdosimeters, there have been continuous improvements in the design, structure and efficiency [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. Due to the limitations of silicon-based microdosimeters, further developments in the portability and efficiency of the TEPCs are also being considered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Measurements of Dose and Microdosimetric Spectra in a Clinical Proton Beam Using a scCVD Diamond Membrane Microdosimeter

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et al. 2021

Sensors

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A single crystal chemical vapor deposition (scCVD) diamond membrane-based microdosimetric system was used to perform simultaneous measurements of dose profile and microdosimetric spectra with the Y1 proton passive scattering beamline of the Center of Proton Therapy, Institute Curie in Orsay, France. To qualify the performance of the set-up in clinical conditions of hadrontherapy, the dose, dose rate and energy loss pulse-height spectra in a diamond microdosimeter were recorded at multiple points along depth of a water-equivalent plastic phantom. The dose-mean lineal energy (y¯D) values were computed from experimental data and compared to silicon on insulator (SOI) microdosimeter literature results. In addition, the measured dose profile, pulse height spectra and y¯D values were benchmarked with a numerical simulation using TOPAS and Geant4 toolkits. These first clinical tests of a novel system confirm that diamond is a promising candidate for a tissue equivalent, radiation hard, high spatial resolution microdosimeter in beam quality assurance of proton therapy.

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“…The first one belongs to the U3DTHIN architecture [35,37,50,[57][58][59]. On the basis of the preliminary results with U3DTHIN detectors, a novel architecture based on 3D-cylindrical microstructures was proposed and specifically developed for microdosimetry in hadron therapy [32][33][34]36,[38][39][40][41].…”

Section: Silicon-based 3d Microdosimetersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this purpose, we designed and fabricated novel radiation detectors with both 3D and 3D-cylindrical architectures, which were etched inside the silicon bulk in the National Center of Microelectronics (IMB-CNM, CSIC, Spain). These 3D microstructures were specifically customized for microdosimetry in PT and they overcame some of the technological challenges in this domain, namely the low noise capability, well-defined sensitive volume, high spatial resolution, and pile-up robustness [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41]. Both architectures reduce the loss of charge carriers due to trapping effects, the charge collection time, and the voltage required for full depletion compared to planar silicon detectors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon 3D Microdetectors for Microdosimetry in Hadron Therapy

et al. 2020

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The present overview describes the evolution of new microdosimeters developed in the National Microelectronics Center in Spain (IMB-CNM, CSIC), ranging from the first ultra-thin 3D diodes (U3DTHINs) to the advanced 3D-cylindrical microdetectors, which have been developed over the last 10 years. In this work, we summarize the design, main manufacture processes, and electrical characterization of these devices. These sensors were specifically customized for use in particle therapy and overcame some of the technological challenges in this domain, namely the low noise capability, well-defined sensitive volume, high spatial resolution, and pile-up robustness. Likewise, both architectures reduce the loss of charge carriers due to trapping effects, the charge collection time, and the voltage required for full depletion compared to planar silicon detectors. In particular, a 3D‒cylindrical architecture with electrodes inserted into the silicon bulk and with a very well‒delimited sensitive volume (SV) mimicked a cell array with shapes and sizes similar to those of mammalian cells for the first time. Experimental tests of the carbon beamlines at the Grand Accélérateur National d’Lourds (GANIL, France) and Centro Nazionale Adroterapia Oncologica (CNAO, Italy) showed the feasibility of the U3DTHINs in hadron therapy beams and the good performance of the 3D‒cylindrical microdetectors for assessing linear energy distributions of clinical beams, with clinical fluence rates of 5 × 107 s−1cm−2 without saturation. The dose-averaged lineal energies showed a generally good agreement with Monte Carlo simulations. The results indicated that these devices can be used to characterize the microdosimetric properties in hadron therapy, even though the charge collection efficiency (CCE) and electronic noise may pose limitations on their performance, which is studied and discussed herein. In the last 3D‒cylindrical microdetector generation, we considerably improved the CCE due to the microfabrication enhancements, which have led to shallower and steeper dopant profiles. We also summarize the successive microdosimetric characterizations performed with both devices in proton and carbon beamlines.

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Silicon-based three-dimensional microstructures for radiation dosimetry in hadrontherapy

Cited by 18 publications

References 27 publications

Impact of charge collection efficiency and electronic noise on the performance of solid-state 3D microdetectors

Impact of charge collection efficiency and electronic noise on the performance of solid-state 3D microdetectors

Simultaneous Measurements of Dose and Microdosimetric Spectra in a Clinical Proton Beam Using a scCVD Diamond Membrane Microdosimeter

Silicon 3D Microdetectors for Microdosimetry in Hadron Therapy

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