Side-effects of sequentially-applied pesticides on non-target soil microorganisms: field experiments

Schuster, Evi; Schröder, Dietmar

doi:10.1016/0038-0717(90)90115-g

Cited by 74 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The procedure was basically that of Schuster & Schröder (1990) using (3 ×) approximately 3 g (dry weight equivalent) soil subsamples. The 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) was used as substrate to be reduced to Formazan in presence of DHA.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of repeated applications of glyphosate on its persistence and soil bioactivity

Andréa

Peres

Luchini

et al. 2003

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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-Pesticide degradation studies are essential to evaluate its impact in the environment and on non-target organisms. The effect of repeated soil applications of the herbicide glyphosate on its dissipation and on soil microorganisms was studied by radiometric and microbial techniques. Results indicated fast dissipation of the [ 14 C]-glyphosate or [ 14 C]metabolites extractable residues (half-life of 0.92±0.29 month), but increasing half-lives of total mineralization ranging from 2.2 to 3.4 months as the number of applications increased from 1 to 4. No significant correlation was found between 14 CO 2 production and dehydrogenase activity.Index terms: pesticide residues, mineralization, dehydrogenases, soil treatment. Influência de repetidas aplicações de glifosato na sua persistência e na bioatividade do soloResumo -Estudos sobre degradação de pesticidas são essenciais à avaliação do impacto que causam no ambiente e em organismos não-alvo. Avaliou-se o efeito de repetidas aplicações do herbicida glifosato em solo na sua dissipação e em microrganismos do solo, por técnicas radiométricas e microbianas. Os resultados indicaram dissipação rápida dos resíduos extraíveis de glifosato marcado com 14 C ou de metabólitos contendo 14 C (meia-vida de 0,92±0,29 mês), mas meia-vida crescente de 2,2 a 3,4 meses para mineralização total, de acordo com o aumento de 1 a 4 aplicações. Não foi encontrada correlação estatisticamente significativa entre a atividade da desidrogenase e a produção de 14 CO 2 .Termos para indexação: resíduo de pesticida, mineralização, desidrogenase, tratamento do solo.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of repeated applications of glyphosate on its persistence and soil bioactivity

Andréa

Peres

Luchini

et al. 2003

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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“…Higher nitrification rates indicate more probability of N losses by leaching or denitrification (Schuster and Schröder, 1990), and is favored at a higher pH (Fagotti et al, 2012) as observed in the degraded pasture. In addition to the lower potential for N supply from organic N reservoirs, the soil of the degraded pasture has greater potential for converting ammonium into nitrate, which is easily lost through leaching or denitrification (Cardoso et al, 2013).…”

Section: Microbiological and Biochemical Attributesmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…v.72, n.3, p.195-202, May/June 2015 released per unit of microbial biomass C over time (Anderson and Domsch, 1993). The ammonification rate was based on the concentration of ammoniacal-N before and after incubation and was expressed as μg N-NH 4 + g -1 d -1 , whereas the nitrification rate was based on the percentage of conversion of N-NH 4 + , added as (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 , into N-NO 3 -after incubation for 21 d at 28 ºC (Schuster and Schröder, 1990), considering the concentrations of N-NH 4 + and N-NO 3 -before and after the incubation time. Ammonifying microorganisms were estimated by most probable number (MPN) in serial dilutions of soil samples in quintuplicate vials (Sarathchandra, 1978).…”

Section: Microbiological and Biochemical Attributesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reclamation status of a degraded pasture based on soil health indicators

Santos

Krawulski²,

Bini³

et al. 2015

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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Pasture degradation is a concern, especially in susceptible sandy soils for which strategies to recover them must be developed. Microbiological and biochemical soil health indicators are useful in the guindace of soil management practices and sustainable soil use. We assessed the success of three Panicum maximum Jacq. cultivars in the reclamation of a pasture in a sandy Typic Acrudox in the northwest of the state of Paraná, Brazil, based on soil health indicators. On a formerly degraded pasture with Urochloa brizantha (Hochst. ex A. Rich.) R.D.Webster, a trial with three P. maximum (cv. Massai, Tanzânia, or Mombaça) was conducted.Lime and phosphate were applied at set-up, and mineral N and K as topdressing. A remnant of degraded pasture adjacent to the trial was used as control. Twenty-three chemical, physical, microbiological and biochemical attributes were assessed for the 0-10 cm topsoil. The procedures for reclamation improved most of the indicators of soil health in relation to the degraded pasture, such as soil P, mineral N, microbial biomass C, ammonification rate, dehydrogenase activity and acid phosphatase. CO 2 evolution decreased, whereas microbial biomass C increased in the pasture under reclamation, resulting in a lower metabolic quotient (qCO 2 ) that points to a decrease in metabolic stress of the microbial community. The reclamation of the pasture with P. maximum, especially cv. Mombaça, were evidenced by improvements in the microbiological and biochemical soil health indicators, showing a recovery of processes related to C, N and P cycling in the soil.

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“…The cellulase activity was assessed in samples incubated in phosphate buffer pH 5.5 in the presence of caboxymethyl cellulose as substrate, for 24 h at 50 ºC in the dark (SCHINNER; VON MERSI, 1990). Ammonification and nitrification rates were determined based on the concentrations of ammonium-N and nitrate-N before and after incubation in hermetically closed vials at 28 ºC for 21 d in the dark, added or not with ammonium sulfate before incubation (SCHUSTER; SCHRODER, 1990). Ammonium-N and nitrate-N were determined in 2 mol L -1 potassium chloride extracts by titration after semi-micro-Kjeldahl distillation (KEENEY; NELSON, 1982).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indicators of soil quality in the implantation of no-till system with winter crops

Nogueira¹,

Telles²,

Fagotti³

et al. 2014

Rev. Ciênc. Agron.

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Side-effects of sequentially-applied pesticides on non-target soil microorganisms: field experiments

Cited by 74 publications

References 17 publications

Influence of repeated applications of glyphosate on its persistence and soil bioactivity

Influence of repeated applications of glyphosate on its persistence and soil bioactivity

Reclamation status of a degraded pasture based on soil health indicators

Indicators of soil quality in the implantation of no-till system with winter crops

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