Shape and orientation of osteoblast-like cells (Saos-2) are influenced by collagen fibers in xenogenic bone biomaterial

Abstract

The surface topography of a substratum has been shown to influence the growth and morphology of cells in culture. In this study, human osteoblast-like cells (Saos-2) were cultured on two types of xenogenic biomaterials obtained from bovine bone. Both biomaterials were similar in architectural organization and surface topography, but they differed in matrix components. The first one was characterized by preservation of the mineralized collagen matrix, and the second by complete deproteinization which only preserved the mineral phase. Cells cultured at the surface of both biomaterials were observed using scanning electron microscopy. The beta 1-integrin subunit, known to bind cell and collagen, is the major integrin of the osteoblast. It was localized using immunogold in transmission electron microscopy. At the surface of the collagen-containing matrix, cells exhibited an elongated shape and oriented axis parallel to the underlying collagen bundles. The beta 1-integrin subunit was localized at the outer surface of cells, in close association with collagen and at the contact points between cells and biomaterials. In contrast, at the surface of the single mineral matrix, cells were round shaped with random disposition. Gold particles were found around the cells with no specific relation to the biomaterial. These results strongly suggest that the chemical nature of the surface of a bone biomaterial directly influences adhesion process, shape, and spatial organization of cultured osteoblastic cells.

Surface Chemistry of Nanoscale Mineralized Collagen Regulates Periodontal Ligament Stem Cell Fate

“…[37][38][39][40] The cells seeded on the IMC exhibited a highly-branched, osteoblast-like polygonal shape with extended pseudopodia and thick stress fiber formation; whereas those on the EMC scaffold displayed a spindle shape with less branch points and thin actin fibril formation. Flat cells (lack of 3D organization) with least branch points were found in the COL.…”

Effects of Enamel Matrix Derivative on Bioactive Glass in Rat Calvarium Defects

“…9 This processing reduces the antigenicity making these implants more tolerable to host tissues. 10 Their disadvantage is the concern with the possibility of future bovine spongiform encephalopathy due to potential slow virus transmission in bovine-derived products. 11,12 Since other alternative biomaterials exist, bovine derived products should probably be avoided until the concerns regarding potential slow virus transmission are clearly addressed.…”

Efficacy of Platelet-Rich-Plasma (PRP) and Highly Purified Bovine Xenograft (Laddec®) Combination in Bone Regeneration after Cyst Enucleation: Radiological and Histological Evaluation

“…Baslè and co-workers [31] suggested that treatments applied to bovine allografts to prevent immunological, inflammatory, bacteriological or virological adverse responses, may also interact with type I collagen, to which can bind osteoblasts via specific cell surface receptors, the integrins. The authors have compared in vitro two different bovine allografts that displayed similar architectural organization with connected plates and rods and similar surface topography and roughness.…”

“…Recently has been proposed to surgeons an highly purified bovine allograft characterized by preservation of the type I collagen matrix associated with spindleshaped hydroxypatite crystals (Laddec ® , BioHorizons, Birmingham, USA) [29,30]. The results of preliminary studies suggest that presence of type I collagen fibbers in the matrix of a bone biomaterial could be of major interest to determine cell attachment, spreading and orientation of osteoblasts and that type I collagen can bind osteoblasts via specific cell surface receptors, the integrins [31,32]. Hence, the present study was undertaken to assess the role of platelet rich plasma with this highly purified bovine allograft in regeneration of osseous defects of jaws caused by cysts enucleation.…”