Sequences and interactions of mycorrhizal fungi on birch

Deacon, J.W.; Donaldson, S. J.; Last, F. T.

doi:10.1007/bf02182660

Cited by 133 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…As a consequence, 'early stage' and 'late stage' fungi were distinguished, thus reflecting the observations that initial colonizers of tree roots, such as Laccaria and Hebeloma species, are followed or replaced 6-10 yr after planting by, e.g., Lactarius, Amanita and Russula species (Mason et al, 1982;Last et al, 1983 Deacon et al, 1983).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Succession of mycorrhizae: a matter of tree age or stand age?

Blasius¹,

Oberwinkler²

1989

Ann. For. Sci.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Succession of mycorrhizae: a matter of tree age or stand age?

Blasius¹,

Oberwinkler²

1989

Ann. For. Sci.

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“…The difference in richness support through the EM association. Studies show, observed between trenching treatments in our study however, that tree species in the families Pinaceae might refiect differences in mycorrhizal inoculum and Betulaceae can he interconnected hy ectopotential (e.g.. Deacon et al, 1983;Perry et al, mycorrhizas and exchange C (Read et al, 1985;, competitive replacement among fungal species Arnehrant et al, 1993;Simard, 1995), and that (Bruns, 1995), and/or the magnitude of available inter-plant transfer is enhanced when receiver seedniches in the rhizosphere (Bills, Holtzman & Miller, lings are in full shade (Read et al, 1985;Finlay & 1986). Seedlings that were not trenched, for example.…”

Section: Effects Of Trenching On Occurrence Of Ectomycorrhizascontrasting

confidence: 52%

“…Deacon et al, 1983;(cored) positions around Betula pubescens parent Read et al, 1985), greater potential for co-infection trees. He found that strand-forming mycorrhizas of and hence competitive replacement involving several Lactarius and Leccinum established most frequently fungal species, and greater access to nutrient pools and abundantly where seedling roots were in contact heyond the experimental unit (plot) boundary.…”

Section: Effects Of Trenching On Occurrence Of Ectomycorrhizasmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of soil trenching on occurrence of ectomycorrhizas on Pseudotsuga menziesii seedlings grown in mature forests of Betula papyrifera and Pseudotsuga menziesii

et al. 1997

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SUMMARYSeedlings of Pseudotsuga tnenziesii (Mirb.) Franco were grown for six-16 months in untrenched and trenched treatments in three 90-120-yr-old mixed forests dominated by Betula papyrifera Marsh, and P. menziesii in the southern interior of British Columbia. Each forest was characterized by mesic conditions and low light intensity (PAR < 200 ^mol m"^ s~^) in the understorey. The objective of the study was to evaluate the influence of overstorey tree roots on (i) ectomycorrhizal fungal composition, richness and diversity, and (ii) photosynthesis and growth of understorey P. menziesii seedlings. Seventeen ectomycorrhizal morphotypes were recognized on seedlings in the untrenched treatment, and nine in the trenched treatment over the three sites. Six types occurred in both treatments, of which on average Rhizopogon vinicolor Smith type was 20 times more abundant and Thelephora type six times less abundant in the untrenched as in the trenched treatment. Of types that formed strands or rhizomorphs, eight occurred in the untrenched treatment, where they occupied on average 23 % of root tips, and only four occurred in the trenched treatment over 4 % of the root tips. Mean richness, diversity, and evenness of ectomycorrhizal associates per seedling were approx. twice as great in the untrenched as in the trenched treatment.Net photosynthetic rate of P. menziesii seedlings was greater in the untrenched than in the trenched treatment in July and August, but not in September 1994. Height, diameter and biomass of seedlings did not differ between treatments, but height: diameter ratio was greater in the untrenched treatment at time of harvest. The effect of trenching on seedling performance was attributed mainly to differences in ectomycorrhizal colonization patterns because trenching had no significant effect on soil nutrient concentrations (total C, total N, NH^-N, available N, exchangeable Ca, exchangeable Mg, exchangeable K), C:N ratio, soil pH or light availability. Nor was there a significant difference in soil water in August, when seedlings in untrenched plots had higher net photosynthetic rates than those in trenched plots. Results suggest that influence of overstorey trees and pattern of ectomycorrhizal formation are important to P. menziesii seedling performance in deeply shaded forest environments.

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“…It has been suggested that the EM fungi colonizing roots in natural communities originate from the mycelial network in forest soil more frequently than from spores (cf. Robertson, 1954 ;Deacon et al, 1983 ;Read & Birch, 1988 ;Deacon & Fleming, 1992 ;Newton, 1992 ;Dahlberg & Stenlid, 1995 ;Dahlberg, 1997 ;Simard et al, 1997b). Exploring mycelia from mycorrhizas have a significantly higher potential to colonize emerging root-tips than mycelia from spores, because of the carbohydrate support that they receive from trees (Fleming, 1983).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuity of ectomycorrhizal fungi in self‐regenerating boreal Pinus sylvestris forests studied by comparing mycobiont diversity on seedlings and mature trees

et al. 1999

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Seedlings and old trees of Scots pine in self-regenerating, old, virgin boreal forest in northern Sweden were compared in terms of the species composition of their associated ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi. The natural regeneration of seedlings was mimicked by annual seeding for 10 yr (1986)(1987)(1988)(1989)(1990)(1991)(1992)(1993)(1994)(1995) in intact field vegetation at three sites. In 1995, all seedlings were harvested, and 171 were examined for mycorrhizas. Twenty-five soil cores were taken in order to study the mycorrhizas on the established trees. Most short roots were mycorrhizal. Using mycorrhizal morphology and restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP) analysis, we were able to distinguish 43 ectomycorrhizal taxa. Fourteen of these taxa were identified using a sporocarp and mycelial culture based internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-RFLP reference database, and another three were identified by mycorrhizal morphology. Cenococcum geophilum, Piloderma croceum and Suillus variegatus were present on the seedlings, irrespective of age, as well as on the old trees. At one forest, 23 ectomycorrhizal taxa were found as mycorrhizas, of which 10 occurred on both seedlings and old trees. These 10 species accounted for 92 and 73% of the mycorrhizas on the seedlings and old trees, respectively. A 3-yr survey of ectomycorrhizal sporocarps at the same site revealed 62 EM taxa. The degree of similarity between the composition of EM species reflected by sporocarps and by mycorrhizas, was low. Ectomycorrhizal species present in our ITS-RFLP database constituted 7.5-19% of the mycorrhizas on seedlings and old trees, whereas they constituted 80-95% of the total production of epigeous sporocarps. The unidentified taxa comprised 70-87% of the mycorrhizas. Our findings support the view that the species composition of mycorrhizas colonizing naturally regenerated seedlings in forests is similar to that of mycorrhizas colonizing surrounding trees. We suggest that the concept of the mycelial network be expanded in order to embrace both the significance of interconnections between different trees as well as the continuity or perpetuation of EM fungal communities.

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Sequences and interactions of mycorrhizal fungi on birch

Cited by 133 publications

References 6 publications

Succession of mycorrhizae: a matter of tree age or stand age?

Succession of mycorrhizae: a matter of tree age or stand age?

Effects of soil trenching on occurrence of ectomycorrhizas on Pseudotsuga menziesii seedlings grown in mature forests of Betula papyrifera and Pseudotsuga menziesii

Continuity of ectomycorrhizal fungi in self‐regenerating boreal Pinus sylvestris forests studied by comparing mycobiont diversity on seedlings and mature trees

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