Succession of mycorrhizae: a matter of tree age or stand age?

Blasius, D.; Oberwinkler, Franz

doi:10.1051/forest:198905art0169

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Such a succession has been proposed by Dighton and Mason (1985), whilst Blasius and Oberwinkler (1989) provided evidence that stage of succession was likely to be more important than age of tree in determining type of mycorrhizal development and fungal species. Warcup (1991) has reported that the main early colonisers of eucalypt seedlings after fire are pyrophilous ascomycetes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Factors affecting the growth of Eucalyptus delegatensis seedlings in inhibitory forest and grassland soils

Ellis

Pennington

1992

Plant Soil

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In many highland forests of Eucalyptus delegatensis in Tasmania the establishment and healthy growth of eucalypts is promoted and maintained by fire. In the absence of fire, secondary succession from eucalypt forest to rainforest occurs, during which the eucalypts decline and die prematurely. On sites that are prone to radiation frost severe reduction or removal of a tree canopy allows a sward of tussock grasses to develop, in competition with which seedlings of eucalypts decline in growth and a high proportion dies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Factors affecting the growth of Eucalyptus delegatensis seedlings in inhibitory forest and grassland soils

Ellis

Pennington

1992

Plant Soil

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“…This was also suggested by Blasius and Oberwinkler (1989). However, laboratory experiments on the sensitivity of several ectomycorrhizal fungi to litter extracts indicated that sensitivity to (nitrogen-rich) pine needle and grass litter extracts can only partly explain ectomycorrhizal impoverishment during stand development (Baar et al, 1994).…”

Section: Ectomycorrhizal Fungimentioning

confidence: 89%

Partial restoration of fungal and plant species diversity by removal of litter and humus layers in stands of Scots pine in the Netherlands

Vries¹,

Jansen²,

Dobben³

et al. 1995

Biodivers Conserv

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A field experiment was set up in five mature Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) stands in the Netherlands in order to study the effects of removal of litter and humus on ectomycorrhizal fungi and vegetation of higher plants, bryophytes, and lichens. Lime was also applied as a countermeasure to the removal of surplus cations. Application of lime did not have significant effects on mycorrhizal fungi. Removal of ectorganic material increased species richness of ectomyeorrhizal fungi. The number of fruit bodies was also higher in the sod-cut plots, but the difference compared with the controls was not significant in all years. A major effect of removal of the ectorganic layer was a reversion of ectomycorrhizal succession to earlier stages. Liming increased the number and cover of ruderal, nitrophilous plant species. Sod-cutting caused a reversion of the green vegetation to earlier successional stages.

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“…Sod cutting enhanced sporocarp formation of several ectomycorrhizal species in the medium‐aged and old stands (e.g., C. perennis, Inocybe lacera, Laccaria bicolor, R. luteolus, and Suillus bovinus ), suggesting that sporocarp formation of ectomycorrhizal fungi is reduced by the presence of thick litter and humus layers (Blasius & Oberwinkler 1989;de Vries et al 1995) with relatively high concentrations of nitrogen (Baar & ter Braak 1996). Field observations also suggest that sporocarp formation of ectomycorrhizal fungi is suppressed by thick litter and humus layers and that sporocarps are more abundant in nutrient‐poor forests with thin litter and humus layers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Restoration of Aboveground Ectomycorrhizal Flora in Stands of Pinus sylvestris (Scots Pine) in The Netherlands by Removal of Litter and Humus

Baar

Kuyper

1998

Restoration Ecology

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Species richness and sporocarp density of ectomycorrhizal fungi in stands of Pinus sylvestris (Scots pine) in The Netherlands have decreased during the last decades. The lowest species diversity was found in P. sylvestris stands situated in areas with high atmospheric deposition of nitrogen originating from intensive livestock industry. In these stands, litter and humus have accumulated into thick layers, and the herbaceous understory vegetation is dominated by the grass Deschampsia flexuosa (wavy hair grass). Earlier investigations showed negative correlations between the number of species of ectomycorrhizal fungi above ground and the depth of humus layers. Our aim was to investigate whether removal of litter, humus layers, and herbaceous vegetation (sods)—so‐called “sod cutting”—increased species diversity above ground and sporocarp density of ectomycorrhizal fungi in P. sylvestris stands of different age. Therefore, three P. sylvestris stands of different ages (planted in 1987, 1963, and 1924) on Haplic Arenosol were selected. In 1990, litter, humus layers, and herbaceous vegetation were removed to create nutrient‐poor sandy soils without overlying litter and humus layers. Untreated plots served as controls. Surveys conducted in 1991, 1992, and 1993 indicated that sod cutting enhanced the species diversity and sporocarp density of ectomycorrhizal fungi. These results suggest that sod cutting is a way to restore ectomycorrhizal flora in medium‐aged and old stands of P. sylvestris where litter and humus have accumulated.

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Succession of mycorrhizae: a matter of tree age or stand age?

Cited by 15 publications

References 11 publications

Factors affecting the growth of Eucalyptus delegatensis seedlings in inhibitory forest and grassland soils

Factors affecting the growth of Eucalyptus delegatensis seedlings in inhibitory forest and grassland soils

Partial restoration of fungal and plant species diversity by removal of litter and humus layers in stands of Scots pine in the Netherlands

Restoration of Aboveground Ectomycorrhizal Flora in Stands of Pinus sylvestris (Scots Pine) in The Netherlands by Removal of Litter and Humus

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