Separation and Identification of Functional Groups of Molecules Responsible for Fluorescence of Biodiesel Using FTIR Spectroscopy and Principal Component Analysis

Abstract

In order to separate and identify functional groups of molecules responsible for fluorescence compounds present in biodiesel, a column chromatography coupled with infrared spectroscopy and multivariate analysis was performed. A biodiesel sample was packed in a chromatographic column and the fractions obtained were used to perform the analyses. Before undergoing the separation process, the biodiesel sample was analyzed by light emitting diode (LED)-induced fluorescence and compared its spectrum with β-carotene and soybean oil patterns. The low cost and speed of analysis suggest that this technique can be used in the separation of biodiesel substances. The fluorescence emission spectra allowed identifying molecules such as β-carotene, in which the spectrum of its pattern exhibited fluorescence within a region ranging from 500 to 700 nm and chlorophyll molecules. When soybean oil is excited at around 405 nm, it features a fluorescent emission band within the region of 670 nm, which reveals the presence of chlorophyll. Infrared spectroscopy coupled with principal component analysis allowed to discriminate the fractions and to identify the functional groups of compounds present in the sample.

Biodiesel production from palm olein: A sustainable bioresource for Nigeria

“…The two samples followed transmission peaks of the order ranging between 3300cm À1 and 2500 cm À1 , which indicates the presence of OH in the free carboxylic acids. This suggests that fatty acids are present in the two samples in the form of carboxylic acids with an RÀ(C¼O)-OH structure (da Silva et al, 2017). This is rightly so as the molecules in biodiesels are primarily fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) which is predominantly present in the feedstock as free fatty acids and triglycerides (Boey et al, 2011) (Kolhe et al, 2017) (Akinfalabi et al, 2019).…”

“…Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is one of the most commonly used spectroscopic techniques to identify compounds. Recommendable merits of this method include the high sensitivity, and it is a relatively inexpensive technique for carrying out such analysis (da Silva et al, 2017). Absorbance measurements in the infrared range were obtained by FTIR analysis using a Nicolet iS10 FT-IR Spectrometer model.…”

New insight into the pigmented rice of northeast India revealed high antioxidant and mineral compositions for better human health

“…The PCA scattered plot revealed that the separation occurred due to the similarity of the functional groups and dispersion of the same samples are due to the dissimilarities in absorption intensity. The main differences were seen in the fingerprint region and the most important loadings (peaks) in the separation were 948, 549 and 491 cm −1 ( da Silva et al., 2017 ; Qiu et al., 2021 ). Moreover, the non pigmented cultivars were found separated from the pigmented cultivars.…”

Effectiveness of isolated compound from Aloe barbadensis Miller and its formulated ointment against bacteria and fungi

“…20 Absorption bands observed at 2922 and 2852 cm -1 related to asymmetric and symmetric vibration of the CH 2 stretch, respectively. 21 The band at 1742cm −1 is due to the C=O stretch of triglyceride ester linkage, 22 while the small band at 1652 cm −1 is due to the absorption of C=C cis stretching. The CH absorption of bending vibrations CH 2 and CH 3 bands can be noticeably seen in the region of 1463 and 1377 cm −1 respectively.…”