Separation and determination of strychnine and brucine inStrychnos nux-vomica L. and its preparation by capillary zone electrophoresis

Abstract

A capillary zone electrophoresis method was developed for the separation and determination of strychnine and brucine in Strychnos nux-vomica L. and its preparation. The factors that could affect the separation were studied, such as the types and concentrations of electrolytes, pH, ionic strength and organic modifier. The optimum running buffer was 20 mmol/L of ammonium acetate containing 0.2 mol/L of glacial acetic acid (pH 3.64). The applied voltage was 25 kV and the wavelength of the UV detector was set at 214 nm. The established method with dopamine hydrochloride as internal standard was linear in the range of 5-100 microg/mL for both strychnine and brucine. The recovery was 102.96% for strychnine and 98.56% for brucine. The extracts of Strychnos nux-vomica and its preparation could be directly injected for analysis.

Capillary electrophoresis with field-enhanced stacking for rapid and sensitive determination of strychnine and brucine

“…The peaks were identified by spiking standard substances in the sample and from the absorption spectra of the analytes. The determination results with the recoveries and the detection limits are given in Table 1, which shows that the sensitivity is about 60 and 30 fold better for strychnine and brucine, respectively, than that in Ref [18].…”

“…Nowadays, two CE methods [17,18] have been documented for the analysis of strychnine and brucine, but the analysis time is longer than 15 min [17] and the sensitivity is low (60 ng mL -1 for strychnine and 40 ng mL -1 for brucine [18]). Therefore, it is desirable to establish approaches that provide shorter analysis time, higher separation efficiency and higher sensitivity than the existing methods.…”

Optimization of CZE for analysis of phytochemical bioactive compounds

“…Therefore, organic solvents including methanol and ethanol were mainly used for Soxhelt extraction, reflux extraction or ultrasonication of analytes in raw materials. Then organic solvent was removed, and the residue was dissolved with sample buffer or organic solvent to prepare the sample solution for CZE analysis [36,37,45,48,52,55,57,61,65]. Actually, methanol extract of anthraquinones was directly diluted with buffer for CZE analysis [69].…”

Simultaneous Determination of Strychnine, Brucine, Strychnine N-Oxide and Brucine N-Oxide in Crude and Fermented Nux Vomica by CZE with Ephedrine Hydrochloride as an Internal Standard

“…With the advantages of shortened development time, low operating costs and solvent consumption, high separation efficiency and analysis buffer with limited chromophores, capillary electrophoresis (CE) is recognized by regulatory authorities and developing quickly and has proved to be a powerful technique for analysis of pharmaceutical products [13]. In recent years, CZE [14][15][16][17][18][19][20] and non-aqueous CE (NACE) [21,22] have been used to quantitate alkaloids in nux vomica, but only for analysis of alkaloids (1,2). To the best of our knowledge, CZE separation of all the four alkaloids for assessment of the contents has not been reported yet.…”