‘Seeing is Believing?’: Visuality and Victorian Fiction

Visuality

“…2 As Kate Flint notes, even while Victorian fiction lavishly recreated "the visible details of a crowded material world," that vision was constantly being contested by fiction that "encouraged readers to think, critically and skeptically, about the category of the visual itself." 3 This skepticism expressed itself in "a refusal to be satisfied with the representation of surfaces." 4 Jane Eyre exemplifies just this kind of suspicion, as it proposes a moral gaze that sees through deceitful, alluring surfaces.…”

Modeling: Is what you see, what you get?

“…They have not yet achieved high-level performance, and as they are performing they verbalize and emulate low confidence and perhaps even fear of executing the skill in question and gradually progress to positive comments. Schunk (1987) demonstrated the effectiveness of coping models in educational settings, and the idea has been tested in swimming (lewis, 1974;Weiss, McCullagh, Smith, & Berlant, 1998) and rehabilitation (Flint, 1993) settings. Coping models may be effective because research participants feel similar to the coping model, who is also working to achieve a higher level of performance.…”

“…Much rehabilitation research has focused on the use of coping models to increase compliance with physical therapist-prescribed exercises and to change perceptions of pain and self-efficacy within the athletic injury domain. Flint's doctoral dissertation (as cited in Flint, 1993) examined modeling effects in rehabilitation. Female basketball players recovering from knee surgery were shown a series of coping model videos.…”