Secondary Metabolite Profiling of Curcuma Species Grown at Different Locations Using GC/TOF and UPLC/Q-TOF MS

Abstract

Curcuma, a genus of rhizomatous herbaceous species, has been used as a spice, traditional medicine, and natural dye. In this study, the metabolite profile of Curcuma extracts was determined using gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (GC/TOF MS) and ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOF MS) to characterize differences between Curcuma aromatica and Curcuma longa grown on the Jeju-do or Jin-do islands, South Korea. Previous studies have performed primary metabolite profiling of Curcuma species grown in different regions using NMR-based metabolomics. This study focused on profiling of secondary metabolites from the hexane extract of Curcuma species. Principal component analysis OPEN ACCESS Molecules 2014, 19 9536(PCA) and partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) plots showed significant differences between the C. aromatica and C. longa metabolite profiles, whereas geographical location had little effect. A t-test was performed to identify statistically significant metabolites, such as terpenoids. Additionally, targeted profiling using UPLC/Q-TOF MS showed that the concentration of curcuminoids differed depending on the plant origin. Based on these results, a combination of GC-and LC-MS allowed us to analyze curcuminoids and terpenoids, the typical bioactive compounds of Curcuma, which can be used to discriminate Curcuma samples according to species or geographical origin.

Chemotaxonomic Metabolite Profiling of 62 Indigenous Plant Species and Its Correlation with Bioactivities

“…Although samples were collected from different areas at various times, multivariate statistical analysis indicated that metabolic differences in plant species mainly depended on phylogenetic properties rather than environmental factors. Similar research revealed that differences in secondary metabolites of plants were affected by species rather than geological difference [31]. Twenty-four metabolites were considered as significantly different metabolites among the 6 plant families by variable importance in the projection (VIP) > 0.7 and p-value < 0.05 (Table 1).…”

Curcuminoid’s Content and Fingerprint Analysis for Authentication and Discrimination of Curcuma xanthorrhiza from Curcuma longa by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Diode Array Detector

“…A number of qualitative and quantitative analysis of curcuminoids using thin layer chromatography (Sotanaphun et al 2009), HPLC with UV or fluorescence detector (Jadhav et al 2007;Wichitnithad et al 2009;Cheng et al 2010;Li et al 2011), liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) (Verma et al 2013), micellar electrokinetic chromatography (Watanabe et al 2000), and capillary electrophoresis (Lechtenberg et al 2004;Anubala et al 2014) have been reported in various Curcuma samples. In the chromatographic fingerprint analysis of Curcuma species, the reported analytical instruments used are HPLC (Li et al 2011;Lee et al 2014) and GC (Lee et al 2014;Hu et al 2014). HPLC with UV-vis detection was frequently employed for simultaneous determination of curcuminoids.…”

Bioactive chemical constituents of Curcuma longa L. rhizomes extract inhibit the growth of human hepatoma cell line (HepG2)

“…These results revealed that the methanolic extract of C. longa rhizomes contains a mixture of compounds, especially sesquiterpene compounds such as germacrone, furanodiene, curcumene, turmerone, cedrene, curlone and β-elemene. Many of these compounds were major volatile components in essential oils and natural phytochemicals of C. longa known to have many biological activities (21,22).…”