SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineages exhibit distinct antibody escape patterns

Plaque-neutralizing antibody to BA.2.12.1, BA.4 and BA.5 in individuals with three doses of BioNTech or CoronaVac vaccines, natural infection and breakthrough infection

“…In unvaccinated individuals with past infection with the wild-type virus, few (20%) had detectable PRNT 50 antibody to BA.5 and none of these reached the threshold for protection from symptomatic infection with BA.5. Similar findings were reported by others [8] . While unvaccinated individuals with past BA.2 infection had detectable PRNT 50 antibodies to BA.5, none of them reached the protective threshold.…”

“…A number of previous studies of RNA (mRNA-1273 or BNT162b2) vaccinated individuals using virus pseudotype neutralization tests showed a similar trend, that BA.4/BA.5 virus spike demonstrate further evasion of neutralization compared with Omicron subvariants BA.1. and BA.2 [ 3 , 4 , 8 , 9 , 19 , 21 ].…”

SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.5: Evolving tropism and evasion of potent humoral responses and resistance to clinical immunotherapeutics relative to viral variants of concern

“… 24 Using clinical isolates, we confirm findings from early seminal contributions. 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 Observations using pseudovirus have seen greater antibody evasion of BA.5 compared to its parent BA.2 following different vaccine schedules. Importantly herein, we observe the peak responses following three doses of BNT162b2 to generate antibody neutralising breadth to equally cover BA.2 and BA.5 and this is consistent with that recently observed by Bowen and colleagues.…”

Virological characteristics of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2.75

“…Resistance to antiviral humoral immunity can be mainly determined by substitutions in the spike (S) protein. For instance, Omicron BA.1 (Cao et al, 2021; Cele et al, 2021; Dejnirattisai et al, 2022; Garcia-Beltran et al, 2021; Liu et al, 2021; Meng et al, 2022; Planas et al, 2021; Takashita et al, 2022a; VanBlargan et al, 2022) , BA.2 (Bruel et al, 2022; Takashita et al, 2022b; Yamasoba et al, 2022c), and BA.5 (Arora et al, 2022; Cao et al, 2022; Gruell et al, 2022; Hachmann et al, 2022; Khan et al, 2022; Kimura et al, 2022c; Lyke et al, 2022; Qu et al, 2022; Tuekprakhon et al, 2022; Wang et al, 2022; Yamasoba et al ., 2022c) exhibit profound resistance to neutralizing antibodies induced by vaccination, natural SARS-CoV-2 infection, and therapeutic monoclonal antibodies. Particularly, newly spreading SARS-CoV-2 variants tend to be resistant to the humoral immunity induced by the infection with prior variant; for instance, BA.2 is resistant to BA.1 breakthrough infection sera (Qu et al ., 2022; Tuekprakhon et al ., 2022; Yamasoba et al, 2022b), and BA.5 is resistant to BA.2 breakthrough infection sera (Hachmann et al ., 2022; Kimura et al ., 2022c; Wang et al ., 2022).…”