Plaque-neutralizing antibody to BA.2.12.1, BA.4 and BA.5 in individuals with three doses of BioNTech or CoronaVac vaccines, natural infection and breakthrough infection

Cheng, Samuel; Mok, Chris K. P.; Ng, S. K.; Lam, Bosco HS; Jeevan, Trushar; Kandeil, Ahmed; Pekosz, Andrew; Chan, Ka‐Kui; Tsang, Leo C. H.; Ko, Fanny W.; Chen, Chunke; Yiu, Karen; Luk, Leo L. H.; Chan, Kin-man; Webby, Richard J.; Poon, Leo L M; Hui, David; Peiris, Malik

doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2022.105273

Cited by 23 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The booster consisting of a heterologous mRNA and viral vector vaccine showed a higher seropositivity rate of neutralizing activity against BA.4/5, while the BBIBP booster achieved only 20% seropositivity. Similar to the study of three-dose CoronaVac and two-dose CoronaVac plus BNT162b2, the seropositive number of Plaque neutralizing antibody (PRNT50) against BA.4 and BA.5 was only 10% in homologous three-dose CoronaVac compared to 90–100% in a heterologous booster (Cheng et al, 2022). The results showed that the NAbs induced by heterologous mRNA and viral vector as a third dose vaccination had broad neutralizing activity against several subvariants of SARS-CoV-2.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Immunogenicity and durability against Omicron BA.1, BA.2 and BA.4/5 variants at 3 to 4 months after a heterologous COVID-19 booster vaccine in healthy adults with a two-doses CoronaVac vaccination

Assawakosri

Kanokudom

Suntronwong³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Objectives: Several countries have authorized a booster vaccine campaign to combat the spread of COVID-19. Data on persistence of booster vaccine-induced immunity against new Omicron subvariants are still limited. Therefore, our study aimed to determine the serological immune response of COVID-19 booster after CoronaVac-priming. Methods: A total of 187 CoronaVac-primed participants were enrolled and received an inactivated (BBIBP), viral vector (AZD1222) or mRNA vaccine (full-/half-dose BNT162B2, full-/half-dose mRNA-1273) as a booster dose. The persistence of humoral immunity both binding and neutralizing antibodies against wild-type and Omicron was determined on day 90-120 after booster. Results: A waning of total RBD immunoglobulin (Ig) levels, anti-RBD IgG, and neutralizing antibodies against Omicron BA.1, BA.2, and BA.4/5 variants was observed 90-120 days after booster vaccination. Participants who received mRNA-1273 had the highest persistence of the immunogenicity response, followed by BNT162b2, AZD1222, and BBIBP-CorV. The responses between full and half doses of mRNA-1273 were comparable. The percentage reduction of binding antibody ranged from 50% to 75% among all booster vaccine. Conclusions: The antibody response substantially waned after 90-120 days post-booster dose. The heterologous mRNA and the viral vector booster demonstrated higher detectable rate of humoral immune responses against the Omicron variant compared to the inactivated BBIBP booster. Nevertheless, an additional fourth dose is recommended to maintain immune response against infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Immunogenicity and durability against Omicron BA.1, BA.2 and BA.4/5 variants at 3 to 4 months after a heterologous COVID-19 booster vaccine in healthy adults with a two-doses CoronaVac vaccination

Assawakosri

Kanokudom

Suntronwong³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…The limited cross-variant neutralization elicited by Omicron primary infection in humans or Omicron-based vaccination of immunologically naïve animals and the data on the specificity of memory B cells presented here indicate that an Omicron-based vaccine might elicit antibody responses directed toward the vaccine-matched and closely related antigens. This suggests that a heterologous prime boost or a multivalent approach might be preferable ( 59 , 66 – 73 ). Omicron infection and Omicron S-based vaccination of previously immune subjects, however, recalls cross-reactive memory B cells ( 58 , 74 ), which may further mature over time to enhance their affinity and neutralizing potency against Omicron, but also to possibly broaden their neutralizing activity against past and future variants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imprinted antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineages

Park

Pinto

Walls

et al. 2022

Science

161

116

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron sublineages carry distinct spike mutations and represent an antigenic shift resulting in escape from antibodies induced by previous infection or vaccination. We show that hybrid immunity or vaccine boosters elicit plasma neutralizing activity against Omicron BA.1, BA.2, BA.2.12.1 and BA.4/5 and that breakthrough infections, but not vaccination-only, induce neutralizing activity in the nasal mucosa. Consistent with immunological imprinting, most antibodies derived from memory B cells or plasma cells of Omicron breakthrough cases cross-react with the Wuhan-Hu-1, BA.1, BA.2, and BA.4/5 receptor-binding domains whereas Omicron primary infections elicit B cells of narrow specificity up to 6 months post infection. Although most clinical antibodies have reduced neutralization of Omicron, we identified an ultrapotent pan-variant neutralizing antibody, that is a strong candidate for clinical development.

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“…Furthermore, another immunological study has found that BA.4 and BA.5 were less susceptible than BA.1 and BA.2 to vaccine elicited antibody neutralization (12).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is consistent with a small immunological study with repeated collection of sera and nasal swabs in 27 individuals that showed that infection, but not vaccination, triggered detectable local response against SARS-CoV-2 in the nasal mucosa (11). Furthermore, another immunological study has found that BA.4 and BA.5 were less susceptible than BA.1 and BA.2 to vaccine elicited antibody neutralization (12).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protection against infection with the Omicron BA.5 subvariant among people with previous SARS-CoV-2 infection - surveillance results from southern Sweden, June to August 2022

Kahn

Bonander

Moghaddassi

et al. 2022

Preprint

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We evaluated the protection afforded by SARS-CoV-2 natural infection against reinfection among vaccinated during a calendar period from June to August 2022 when Omicron BA.5 was the dominating subvariant in Scania county, Sweden. We formed a study cohort (n = 71 592) mainly consisting of health care workers by restricting to people 18-64 years old who received their first vaccine dose relatively early (24 April 2021 or sooner). We used continuous density case-control 1:10 sampling matched for sex and age within the study cohort, and thereby obtained 1 114 cases during Omicron BA.5 dominance and 11 140 controls who were analysed with conditional logistic regression. Limited protection against reinfection was suggested from prior infection of virus variants before Omicron (11%, 95% confidence interval [CI] -10 to 28%]. By contrast, prior Omicron infection offered clear protection (65%, 95% CI 56-73%). For the Omicron BA.2 subvariant, stronger protection was suggested during early (85%, 95% CI 75-91%) than later BA.5 dominance (66%, 95% CI 48-78%). Lower protection was observed from the previous BA.1 subvariant (30%; 95% CI -4 to 53%). These findings suggest that natural infection from the Omicron subvariants contributes to short-term population protection against reinfection with the subvariant BA.5 among vaccinated, but wanes considerably 5-6 months after infection.

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Plaque-neutralizing antibody to BA.2.12.1, BA.4 and BA.5 in individuals with three doses of BioNTech or CoronaVac vaccines, natural infection and breakthrough infection

Cited by 23 publications

References 24 publications

Immunogenicity and durability against Omicron BA.1, BA.2 and BA.4/5 variants at 3 to 4 months after a heterologous COVID-19 booster vaccine in healthy adults with a two-doses CoronaVac vaccination

Immunogenicity and durability against Omicron BA.1, BA.2 and BA.4/5 variants at 3 to 4 months after a heterologous COVID-19 booster vaccine in healthy adults with a two-doses CoronaVac vaccination

Imprinted antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineages

Protection against infection with the Omicron BA.5 subvariant among people with previous SARS-CoV-2 infection - surveillance results from southern Sweden, June to August 2022

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