Sample introduction systems for the analysis of liquid microsamples by ICP-AES and ICP-MS

Todolı́, José-Luis; Mermet, Jean‐Michel

doi:10.1016/j.sab.2005.12.010

Cited by 130 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 237 publications

(390 reference statements)

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“…The mass spectrometer increases sensitivity [2]. The mass spectrometer splits the ionic species according to their mass/charge proportionality [28,33]. The main disadvantage concerns matrix effects (non-spectroscopic interferences) which are produced by electrostatic effects in the generation stage of the aerosol.…”

Section: Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (Icp-ms)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Aluminium Exposure Through the Diet

Paz¹

2017

FSN

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Aluminium (Al) is the third most common element in the Earth's crust [1] and is naturally present in the environment. Al is a versatile metal with several properties and has a wide range of uses. Al is used in different alloys with other metals such copper, zinc or magnesium [2].The concentrations of this metal in food and drink have been increasing over time due to the acidification of the soils that transfers the aluminium from the soil to the aquatic environment [3] and anthropogenic activities such as mining (bauxite extraction), aluminium industries, and others [2]. Diet is the main exposure route to metals [4]. Aluminium is found in different drinks and foods such as drinking water, where it is added as a flocculant (aluminium sulphate, Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ), processed foods, where it is used as an additive and as a result of the packaging used and even in fresh foods such as vegetables and fruit because of the Al contained in the soils [5].In addition, aluminium utensils and tea consumption are also responsible for the increase of the Al in the diet [2]. Tea leaves have been reported to have higher Al levels because tea plants are grown in acidic soils [5].Al is present in an ionic form as Al 3+. The absorption of Al depends on several factors such as the pH level, the presence of organic acids (citrate, lactate), etc [2,6].The oral bioavailability of Al, which is the amount that can be absorbed, in drinking water is around 0.3%, while this is approximately 0.1% in food and drinks [7]. Al absorption increases as the pH level decreases.Aluminium is a toxic metal that does not have a function in the human and animal organism [8]. The toxicity of Al depends on the exposure route and the solubility of the aluminium compounds [9]. Aluminium tends to accumulate in the body, in tissues such as the brain, bones, kidney and liver. Long-term exposure to low Al levels leads to toxic effects [10].Based on information provided by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), the exposure of the European population to Al is 28.6-214 µg/kg body weight per day [11].Because of the abovementioned reasons, different institutions have established maximum limit intake levels for aluminium. The EFSA has established a Tolerable Weekly Intake (TWI) of 1 mg Al per kg of bodyweight [7]. The FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives, has evaluated the Al bioavailability and concluded by setting a Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake (PTWI) of 2 mg/kg of bodyweight/week [12], and this value is twice that the established by EFSA.Since Al is a toxic metal found in foods and beverages, the data previously obtained by our research group and others have been compiled to compare the levels of aluminium content in different types of food and drinks to study the toxic risk from the diet, and to compare the levels found over time to estimate the general variations in Al content. Data Collection MethodThe present study was conducted from March 2017 to May 2017. The review of the scientific papers was performed with online databases such as the Web of...

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Section: Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (Icp-ms)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Aluminium Exposure Through the Diet

Paz¹

2017

FSN

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“…Furthermore, it can determine the amount of sample needed. Conventional pneumatic nebulisers (concentric or cross flow), which are often used for Pt or Ru analysis (Nygren et al, 1990;Allain et al, 1992;Perry & Balazs, 1994;Gamelin et al, 1995;Morazzoni et al, 1995;Azim-Araghi et al, 2001;Liu et al, 2002a;John et al, 2003) operate at a flow rate of 0.5-1 mL/min (Todoli & Mermet, 2006). The high flow rate in combination with the time required to carry out a complete signal reading (1-5 min), requires a high sample volume (>1 mL).…”

Section: Instrumental Adjustmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The application of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in clinical pharmacological oncology research

Brouwers

Tibben

Rosing

et al. 2008

Mass Spectrometry Reviews

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Metal-based anticancer agents are frequently used in the treatment of a wide variety of cancer types. The monitoring of these anticancer agents in biological samples is important to understand their pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and metabolism. In addition, determination of metals originating from anticancer agents is relevant to assess occupational exposure of health care personnel working with these drugs. The high sensitivity of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) has resulted in an increased popularity of this technique for the analysis of metal-based anticancer drugs. In addition to the quantitative analysis of the metal of interest in a sample, ICP-MS can be used as an ultrasensitive metal selective detector in combination with speciation techniques such as liquid chromatography. In the current review we provide a systematic survey of publications describing the analysis of platinum-and ruthenium-containing anticancer agents using ICP-MS, focused on the determination of total metal concentrations and on the speciation of metal compounds in biological fluids, DNA-and protein-adducts, and environmental samples. We conclude that ICP-MS is a powerful tool for the quantitative analysis of metal-based anticancer agents from multiple sample sources.

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“…This method is associated with high sample consumption (>0.3 ml min -1 ) 2 and an incomplete sample transport. Thus, it becomes impractical for applications where only microliter sample volumes are available, as in biological, forensic, toxicological and clinical studies 3 . To reduce the sample consumption, nebulizers with smaller nozzle dimensions were developed 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, it becomes impractical for applications where only microliter sample volumes are available, as in biological, forensic, toxicological and clinical studies 3 . To reduce the sample consumption, nebulizers with smaller nozzle dimensions were developed 3 . However, the reduced nozzle size increases the risk of clogging when samples of undigested biological fluids or concentrated salt solutions have to be analyzed 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Microfluidic Chip for ICPMS Sample Introduction

Verboket

Borovinskaya

Meyer

et al. 2015

JoVE

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This protocol discusses the fabrication and usage of a disposable low cost microfluidic chip as sample introduction system for inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS). The chip produces monodisperse aqueous sample droplets in perfluorohexane (PFH). Size and frequency of the aqueous droplets can be varied in the range of 40 to 60 µm and from 90 to 7,000 Hz, respectively. The droplets are ejected from the chip with a second flow of PFH and remain intact during the ejection. A custom-built desolvation system removes the PFH and transports the droplets into the ICPMS. Here, very stable signals with a narrow intensity distribution can be measured, showing the monodispersity of the droplets. We show

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Sample introduction systems for the analysis of liquid microsamples by ICP-AES and ICP-MS

Abstract: There are many fields in which the available sample volume

Cited by 130 publications

References 237 publications

Aluminium Exposure Through the Diet

Aluminium Exposure Through the Diet

The application of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in clinical pharmacological oncology research

A Microfluidic Chip for ICPMS Sample Introduction

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