Salivary cystatin activity and cystatin C in natural and experimental gingivitis in smokers and non‐smokers

Lie, M. A.; Loos, B.G.; Henskens, Yvonne; Timmerman, M.F.; Veerman, E.C.I.; Velden, U. van der; Weijden, G.A. van der

doi:10.1034/j.1600-051x.2001.028010979.x

Cited by 30 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…On the other hand, studies showed that smoking is associated with lower salivary cystatin activity and output of cystatin C is also reduced during gingival inflammation. Cystatins are thought to contribute to maintaining oral health by inhibiting certain proteolytic enzymes (Lie et al, 2001). In addition, studies have confirmed by earlier results that there were no significant differences in salivary flow rates between smokers and non-smokers (Reibel, 2003).…”

Section: Smoking and Dental Cariessupporting

confidence: 75%

The Influence of Smoking on Dental and Periodontal Status

Šmejkalová¹,

Jacob²,

Hodačová³

et al. 2012

Oral Health Care - Pediatric, Research, Epidemiology and Clinical Practices

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Section: Smoking and Dental Cariessupporting

confidence: 75%

The Influence of Smoking on Dental and Periodontal Status

Šmejkalová¹,

Jacob²,

Hodačová³

et al. 2012

Oral Health Care - Pediatric, Research, Epidemiology and Clinical Practices

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“…Cystatins are thought to contribute to maintaining oral heath by inhibiting certain proteolytic enzymes. In addition, studies have confirmed from earlier results that there were no significant differences in salivary flow rates between smokers and non-smokers (34,41). The decreased buffering effect of smoker's saliva and the higher number of lactobacilli and S. mutans group may indicate an increased susceptibility to caries (34,56).…”

Section: Smoking and Dental Cariessupporting

confidence: 75%

Smoking Related Systemic and Oral Diseases

Vellappally

Fiala

Šmejkalová

et al. 2007

Acta Med. (Hradec Kralove, Czech Repub.)

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Summary: This article reviewed smoking related systemic diseases and oral diseases. Smoking is related to lung cancer, cardiovascular diseases and many other systemic diseases. Cigarette smoke affects the oral cavity first, so it is evident that smoking has many negative influences on oral cavity, for example, staining of teeth and dental restorations, wound healing, reduction of the ability to smell and taste, and development of oral diseases such as oral cancer, periodontitis, smoker's palate, smoker's melanosis, hairy tongue, leukoplakia, oral candidiasis and implant survival rate. The article also discusses the relationship between smoking and dental caries in detail.

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“…Based on recent reviews [44,70], it seems fair to conclude that plausible biological explanations exist. Recent studies support earlier findings of impaired humoral, cellular and innate immune reactions and effects via the Reibel cytokine and adhesion molecule systems [71][72][73][74][75]. A clinically suppressed hemorrhagic responsiveness of the periodontium has been demonstrated in smokers [76].…”

Section: Periodontal Diseasesupporting

confidence: 72%

Tobacco and Oral Diseases

Reibel

2003

Med Princ Pract

195

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It is well known that smoking contributes to the development of lung cancer and cardiovascular disease, and there is weighty evidence that it has a considerable influence on oral health. Smoking has many negative effects on the mouth, including staining of teeth and dental restorations, reduction of the ability to smell and taste, and the development of oral diseases such as smoker’s palate, smoker’s melanosis, coated tongue, and, possibly, oral candidosis and dental caries, periodontal disease, implant failure, oral precancer and cancer. From a qualitative point of view the latter is obviously the most serious tobacco-related effect in the mouth. Quantitatively, however, importance has been attached to periodontitis, which affects a large proportion of the population, and during recent years more attention has been given to implant survival rates. Dentists have an important role to play in preventing the harmful effects of smoking in the mouth, and consequently smoking counselling should be as much a part of the dentist’s job as plaque control and dietary advice.

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Salivary cystatin activity and cystatin C in natural and experimental gingivitis in smokers and non‐smokers

Abstract: Smoking is associated with lower cystatin activity and output of cystatin C during gingival inflammation.

Cited by 30 publications

References 24 publications

The Influence of Smoking on Dental and Periodontal Status

The Influence of Smoking on Dental and Periodontal Status

Smoking Related Systemic and Oral Diseases

Tobacco and Oral Diseases

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