The purpose of the study was to describe the occurrence of the most common
complaints related to MSDs in Czech dentists and to assess the risk factors affecting
them. A questionnaire survey of 581 Czech dentists (the response rate 72.6%) was conducted
in 2011. The questionnaire ascertained general information about the respondents, their
work habits and environment along with the occurrence of musculoskeletal disorders. The
respondents filled out the questionnaires during the educational events organized by the
Czech Dental Chamber. At least mild difficulties associated with the motoric system were
reported by 96.9% of the respondents, with 66.3% of respondents reporting moderate or
major difficulties. Back and neck pain followed by shoulder pain and headache were the
most common complaints in our sample. According to our data: age, gender, length of
practice, a history of serious MSDs, the occurrence of MSDs in blood relatives, the
perception of work as psychologically demanding, and especially a perceived moderate/bad
general health were significantly associated with the four most common musculoskeletal
complaints. Some of the factors were found as protective. This study suggests that MSDs
represent a significant burden for Czech dentists and further research is needed to
elucidate this issue.
Summary: This article reviewed smoking related systemic diseases and oral diseases. Smoking is related to lung cancer, cardiovascular diseases and many other systemic diseases. Cigarette smoke affects the oral cavity first, so it is evident that smoking has many negative influences on oral cavity, for example, staining of teeth and dental restorations, wound healing, reduction of the ability to smell and taste, and development of oral diseases such as oral cancer, periodontitis, smoker's palate, smoker's melanosis, hairy tongue, leukoplakia, oral candidiasis and implant survival rate. The article also discusses the relationship between smoking and dental caries in detail.
Goeckerman regimen (GR) of psoriasis includes daily dermal application of crude coal tar (CCT) and dermal exposure to UV-A and UV-B radiation. Observed group consisted of 23 patients with psoriasis treated by GR. Therapeutic ointment contained 5% of CCT. The level of psoriasis area and severity index was significantly decreased after GR (P < 0.001) and confirms high efficiency of GR. High levels of selected metabolites of pyrene and phenanthrene indicated high level of dermal penetration. We found significantly increased urinary mutagenicity in samples collected in the middle and in the end of GR (TA98+S9, P < 0.01; YG1041-S9, P < 0.001; YG1041+S9, P < 0.001). Significant increasing of chromosomal aberrations in peripheral lymphocytes (CA) in blood samples collected in the end of GR (P < 0.001) and consecutive decreasing of CA in 78th day after the end of GR has been observed. Almost all results indicated that the patients could be endangered by a peak genotoxic exposure. Nevertheless, the genotoxic effect does not seem to be long lasting. Despite conflicting results from cancer epidemiological studies, it is evident that single GR can contribute to the total load of environmental mutagens in a group of treated patients.
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