Salicylic acid in the induction of resistance to beet seedling damping-off and antifungal activity against Fusarium sp., in vitro

Abstract

The damping off is the main disease that affects the beet crop during the seedling production. The aim of this study was to evaluate different salicylic acid (SA) concentrations for resistance induction against damping-off in beet seedling and its antifungal activity against Fusarium sp., in vitro condition. Treatment of beet seed was with SA solution by immersion during 5 minutes in the 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mM concentrations and control (distilled water). It was used four replications with 20 cells by experimental unit. The experiment was carried out for 14 days in cultivate chamber with temperature (23 o C ± 2°C), lighting (12 hours photoperiod) and humidity (70% ± 10%) controlled. After this time, the germination, damping off incidence, seedling length and fresh mass matter weight were evaluated. It was evaluated also in the seedling tissue the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), β-1.3 glucanase and chitinase level enzymes. In the in vitro the SA was putted in PDA (potato-dextrose-agar) medium, where the Fusarium sp. mycelial growth was evaluated. The SA applied for seeds treatment didn't had effect significant on damping off of beet seedlings, but it induced the activity of β-1.3 glucanase enzyme, it being this higher in nine times when compared the treatment control. The SA acted in the Fusarium sp. in vitro control with fungitoxic action, suppressed mycelial growth in 28% if compared to control. Key words: Beta vulgaris L, elicitor, induced resistance, protein-PR ResumoO tombamento de plântulas é a principal doença que afeta a cultura da beterraba no processo de produção de mudas. Objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar diferentes concentrações de ácido salicílico (AS) na indução de resistência ao tombamento de plântulas de beterraba e a atividade antifúngica contra Fusarium sp., in vitro. O tratamento das sementes de beterraba foi realizado com imersão em solução de AS nas concentrações de 0,5; 1,0; 1,5 e 2,0 mM e a testemunha (água destilada sementes, incidência de tombamento, comprimento de plântula e massa da matéria fresca. Foi também avaliada nos tecidos das plântulas a atividade das enzimas fenilalanina amônia-liase (FAL), β-1,3-glucanase e quitinase. No experimento in vitro o AS foi incorporado ao meio BDA (batata-dextrose e ágar) e avaliado o crescimento micelial de Fusarium sp. A aplicação de AS em tratamento de sementes não atuou significativamente sobre o tombamento de plântulas de beterraba, mas induziu a atividade da enzima β-1,3-glucanase, sendo esta aumentada em nove vezes em relação à testemunha. O AS atuou no controle de Fusarium sp, in vitro com ação fungitóxica, com supressão do crescimento micelial em 28% se comparado à testemunha. Palavras-chave: Beta vulgaris L, eliciador, indutor de resistência, proteína-RP

Aplicação de acibenzolar-s-methyl em trigo no controle alternativo de Gibberella zea

“…(CHAIN et al, 2009) e Gibberella zea (MAKAMAR et al, 2010), e também para outros patossistemas como Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, em plantas de feijão (CAMPOS et al, 2009) e Monilinia fructicola, na pós-colheita de pêssegos (BARRETO et al, 2016). Aplicação do AS in vitro condicionaram potencial de controle do crescimento micelial de Scleriotinia sclerotium e Rhizoctonia solani em beterraba, feijão e tomate, respectivamente, além de aumentar a atividade da enzima β-1,3-glucanase em plântulas (BERTONCELLI et al, 2016;BERTONCELLI et al, 2015).…”

“…(MAKANDAR et al, 2012). Outros resultados com a aplicação de ASM já foram constatados em diversos trabalhos (BERTONCELLI et al, 2016;BERTONCELLI et al, 2015;CAMPOS et al, 2009;CHAIN et al, 2009). No entanto, a eficiência de ASM para controle da G. zeae na cultura do trigo na região Sul do Brasil não está totalmente elucidada.…”

Immunity elicitors for induced resistance against the downy mildew pathogen in pearl millet

“…Two fungal elicitors derived from Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus induced various defenses responses,such as increased activities of β-1,3-glucanase, nitrate reductase (NR) and nitrite reductase (NiR), and total proteins, which led to increased resistance to A. flavus and A. parasiticus 69 . Prior treatment of rice seeds with elicitor mixtures containing S. wightii , P. fluorescens and Annamalai mixture effectively triggered systemic resistance against the sheath blight pathogen R. solani and showed enhanced β-1,3-glucanase activity 65 .The Damping-off disease of beet crop was effectively suppressed by induction of systemic resistance by the elicitor SA, which showed higher activities of β-1,3-glucanase and chitinase 70 .…”

In Vitro Antifungal Activity of Different Plant Hormones on the Growth and Toxicity of Nigrospora Spp. on Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)

“…The procedures of Alam et al [19] and Bartoncelli et al [27] were followed. Briefly, after preparation of PDA medium, the phytohormones were added to obtain final concentrations; all media were adjusted to pH of 6.5 by using 0.1 N HCl and NaOH and autoclaved [19], with an exception for Dicamba which sterilised by filter sterilization and added after autoclaving.…”