The damping off is the main disease that affects the beet crop during the seedling production. The aim of this study was to evaluate different salicylic acid (SA) concentrations for resistance induction against damping-off in beet seedling and its antifungal activity against Fusarium sp., in vitro condition. Treatment of beet seed was with SA solution by immersion during 5 minutes in the 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mM concentrations and control (distilled water). It was used four replications with 20 cells by experimental unit. The experiment was carried out for 14 days in cultivate chamber with temperature (23 o C ± 2°C), lighting (12 hours photoperiod) and humidity (70% ± 10%) controlled. After this time, the germination, damping off incidence, seedling length and fresh mass matter weight were evaluated. It was evaluated also in the seedling tissue the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), β-1.3 glucanase and chitinase level enzymes. In the in vitro the SA was putted in PDA (potato-dextrose-agar) medium, where the Fusarium sp. mycelial growth was evaluated. The SA applied for seeds treatment didn't had effect significant on damping off of beet seedlings, but it induced the activity of β-1.3 glucanase enzyme, it being this higher in nine times when compared the treatment control. The SA acted in the Fusarium sp. in vitro control with fungitoxic action, suppressed mycelial growth in 28% if compared to control. Key words: Beta vulgaris L, elicitor, induced resistance, protein-PR ResumoO tombamento de plântulas é a principal doença que afeta a cultura da beterraba no processo de produção de mudas. Objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar diferentes concentrações de ácido salicílico (AS) na indução de resistência ao tombamento de plântulas de beterraba e a atividade antifúngica contra Fusarium sp., in vitro. O tratamento das sementes de beterraba foi realizado com imersão em solução de AS nas concentrações de 0,5; 1,0; 1,5 e 2,0 mM e a testemunha (água destilada sementes, incidência de tombamento, comprimento de plântula e massa da matéria fresca. Foi também avaliada nos tecidos das plântulas a atividade das enzimas fenilalanina amônia-liase (FAL), β-1,3-glucanase e quitinase. No experimento in vitro o AS foi incorporado ao meio BDA (batata-dextrose e ágar) e avaliado o crescimento micelial de Fusarium sp. A aplicação de AS em tratamento de sementes não atuou significativamente sobre o tombamento de plântulas de beterraba, mas induziu a atividade da enzima β-1,3-glucanase, sendo esta aumentada em nove vezes em relação à testemunha. O AS atuou no controle de Fusarium sp, in vitro com ação fungitóxica, com supressão do crescimento micelial em 28% se comparado à testemunha. Palavras-chave: Beta vulgaris L, eliciador, indutor de resistência, proteína-RP
Considering the scarcity of studies related to the postharvest of kales and the inexistence of evaluation with resistance inducers in the species, we aimed to assess the effect of salicylic acid on the postharvest of collard greens over the physiochemical and biochemical variables. The experiment was conducted at the Federal Technological University of Paraná-Dois Vizinhos Campus. We used five treatments with entirely randomized design. The treatments consisted of using solutions with four concentrations of salicylic acid (0.5; 1.0; 1.5; 2.0 mM) and the control (distilled water), with four replicates of eight leaves. After the harvest, selection and standardization of the samples, the bases of the collard greens leaves were immersed in solutions with different treatments, during 10 minutes. The leaves were maintained in a B.O.D. incubator., during 192 hours, at the temperature of 8°C. The variables used for assessing the experiment were the mass loss of fresh matter, rottenness, level of vitamin C, chlorophyll, total phenols, total proteins and activity of the enzymes peroxidase and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (FAL). The application of AS maintained the contents of protein and total phenols at higher levels, as well as interfered on the activities of the peroxidase and FAL. The treatments did not present effect over the mass loss of fresh matter, and the content of vitamin C, chlorophyll and rottenness.
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