Roselle anthocyanin stability profile and its potential role in post-harvest deterioration: A review

Abstract

The conversion of roselle calyx into a dried extract without decreasing its consistency is a challenge, given the perishability of the calyx and instability of anthocyanin, which can quickly degrade and develop colored or unwanted brown colors because of its high reactivity. The most critical factors influencing anthocyanins' stability are pH, temperature, light and post-harvest-related enzymes. Besides, the calyx suffered wound injury when removing seed from the calyx, causing stress and eventually, microbial degradation. Nonetheless, mature anthocyanins stimulate plants by responding to stress, especially drought, high salinity, excess light and injury; it is also correlated with improved stress resistance as the genes of individual plants are triggered under these conditions modulate anthocyanin biosynthesis. This work investigates the stability and potential role of roselle anthocyanin in post harvest deterioration. Anthocyanin stability can, therefore, be achieved by maintaining low pH and temperature, acylation, glycosylation, copigmentation and encapsulation. In the quest for roselle deterioration biomarkers, the detection of critical enzymes, such as Chalcone synthase CHS and FH3 Flavanone 3 hydroxylase, would offer insight into the genetic modification of anthocyanin.

Ethnopharmacology, Biological Evaluation, and Chemical Composition of Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) Desf.: A Review

“…Antioxidant plant-based medicine formulations are used to prevent and cure complicated illnesses such as atherosclerosis, stroke, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, and other neurological disorders [ 150 ]. In the human body and food system, free radical reactions occur.…”

Determination of Heavy Metals in Dump Site at Katsina States

“…Bioaccumulation processes implies an increase in the concentration of a chemical in a biological organism over time, compared to the chemicals concentration in the environment (Van et al, 2003). Compound accumulates in living things any time they are taken up and stored faster than they are broken down (Metabolized) excreted (Lema et al, 2022). World Health Organization (WHO) has established levels of metals in foods above which, they should not be consumed (Lema et al, 2022).…”

“…Compound accumulates in living things any time they are taken up and stored faster than they are broken down (Metabolized) excreted (Lema et al, 2022). World Health Organization (WHO) has established levels of metals in foods above which, they should not be consumed (Lema et al, 2022). For this reason, the levels of trace metals in our food should be of much importance and concern to us (Abdulrahman et al, 2019).…”

“…The UNEP (2009), further estimated that between 2007 and 2011, global generation of municipal waste raised by 37.3%, equivalent to roughly 8% increase per year. In urban centres throughout African regions, less than half of the solid waste produced was collected, and 95 percent of that amount indiscriminately thrown away at various dumping sites on the periphery of urban centres (Lema et al, 2022). This study aimed at determining some heavy metals contents in dump soil along Federal College Education (F.C.E.)…”

Effect of Plant Growth Regulators, Basal Media Strength and Carbon Sources on Hylocereus Costaricensis (Red Dragon Fruit) Seed Germination

“…Hydroxycinnamates contribute to cancer prevention, whereas flavonoids work on brain cells and blood arteries, lowering the risk of heart disease. Additionally, it protects against germs and fungi and aids in the body's overall functioning (Lema et al, 2022). Furthermore, compared to its competitors, H. costaricensis has better nutritional levels that help lower cholesterol, manage diabetes, regulate blood pressure, and support oral health.…”