Risk factors for postpartum depression: the role of the Postpartum Depression Predictors Inventory-Revised (PDPI-R)

Abstract

The aims of this study were to identify the frequency of the risk factors for postpartum depression (PPD) listed in the Postpartum Depression Predictors Inventory-Revised (PDPI-R) during pregnancy and 1 month after delivery and to determine the predictive validity of the PDPI-R. The study used a prospective cohort design. Women completed the PDPI-R at the 3rd and the 8th months of pregnancy and at the 1st month after childbirth. Women were prospectively followed across three different time points during the postpartum using Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Disorders to determine the presence of major or minor depression. The prenatal version of the PDPI-R administered at two different time points during pregnancy predicted accurately 72.6% and 78.2% of PPD and the full version administered at the 1st month after delivery predicted 83.4% of PPD. The cutoffs identified were 3.5 for the prenatal version and 5.5 for the full version. The PDPI-R is a useful and a valid screening tool for PPD.

Support-Seeking Behavior Among Japanese Mothers at High-Risk of Mental Health Problems: A Community-Based Study at a City Health Center

“…The factor was associated with low bonding as well. In line with previous studies 23,24) , other factors associated with probable depression were obstetrical problems and unhappy feeling about pregnancy. The association of financial difficulty of our focus may partly be attributed to the increased amount of stress placed on a mother due to limited financial means necessary for raising an infant.…”

Magnitude and risk factors for postpartum symptoms: A literature review

“…Antenatal depression, antenatal anxiety, and previous depressive illness have the strongest effect size in postpartum depression (Robertson et al, 2004;Ryan et al, 2005;Milgrom et al, 2008;Oppo et al, 2009); life stress and lack of social support have a strong-moderate effect size Oppo et al, 2009); psychological factors and marital dissatisfaction have a moderate effect size and obstetric factors and socio-economic status have a small effect size (Robertson et al, 2004). Using the Postpartum Depression Predictors Inventory-Revised (PDPI-R), Oppo et al (2009) found that the distribution of risk factors for postpartum depression at different times of assessment is slightly different. History of depression and antenatal depression are associated with a three-and fourfold increase in having postpartum depression at six months postpartum.…”

Actualización en depresión postparto: el desafío permanente de optimizar su detección y abordaje

“…En 2009, Oppo y cols. 37 evaluaron la interrelación de los factores de riesgo utilizando un instrumento de tamizaje ampliamente reconocido, el Inventario Revisado de Predictores de Depresión Posparto (PDPI-R), durante diferentes momentos del embarazo y el postparto; observaron una mayor probabilidad de presentar una DPP durante el primer mes del parto en presencia de: ansiedad en el embarazo, estrés en el cuidado del bebé y bajo apoyo psicosocial. Además, reportaron que sufrir una depresión gestacional asociado al antecedente de depresión aumentó de tres a cuatro veces el riesgo de DPP al sexto mes.…”