Magnitude and risk factors for postpartum symptoms: A literature review

Norhayati, Mohd Noor; Hussain, Nik Hazlina Nik; Asrenee, A. R.; Emilin, W.M.A. Wan

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2014.12.041

Cited by 606 publications

(619 citation statements)

References 250 publications

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“…However, etiological factors related to the issue include psychic disorders in the mothers medical history and her familial history, self-confidence and psychic problems and traumas in childhood, being younger than 18 years, psychic disorders during pregnancy, low socio-economic status, lack of social support, gender of baby, being single, concerns related to work and marriage, lactation problems, birth of premature baby requiring intensive care, traumatic labor, and severe obstetric complications (20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Has Delivery Method any Influence on the Postpartum Mood of the Mother? Postpartum SCL-90-R

Ateşer¹,

Öz²,

Sardarli³

et al. 2017

Istanbul Med J

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Pregnancy and labor are stress factors for every woman. A high majority of mothers can encounter difficulty in accommodating themselves to their new lives post child birth. Since knowing about their pregnancy, they have some worries and fears regarding themselves, the newborns, and the course of this period (1).Vaginal delivery and cesarean delivery are the two different ways and experience of childbirth. Mothers can have concerns and preferences related to the type of delivery due to their prior knowledge gained from health staff or their environment.According to the 2014 health statistics, the rate of cesarean delivery in Turkey is 51%, which is quite high. However, the rate recommended by the World Health Organization is 15% (2). The Turkish Ministry of Health is continually attempting to reduce the rate of cesarean delivery. Voluntary cesarean delivery was legally prohibited. As a part of these attempts, an education on obstetrical emergencies is provided to gynecologists and pregnancy schools aiming to prepare parturients for labor and inform expectant mothers on this issue (3-5).The rate of cesarean delivery, which affects a mothers physical and mental health states, without any compulsory medical indication, is increasing due to reasons, such as fear of giving birth; demand for not feeling pain; notion that perineal floor will be protected against trauma and the possibility of urinary incontinence will decrease correspondingly; prejudice that cesarean delivery is more healthy for the newborn; physician's preference and direction; being able to plan the time of labor; avoiding legal and social problems that can occur as a result of complicated labor; and lack of experience in interventional vaginal delivery (3-9).The physical results of cesarean delivery are the requirement of cesarean in subsequent pregnancies, placental adherence anomalies, cesarean scar pregnancy, anesthetic and surgical complications, more blood loss, neonatal prematurity and related problems, and respiratory problems (7, 8, 10).Has Delivery Method any Influence on the Postpartum Mood of the Mother? Postpartum SCL-90-R Objective: This study investigated the influence of the birth type to mothers earlypostpartum emotional emotional status Methods: SCL-90-R psychological test was performed in 50 patients who had cesarean section and 50 patients who had vaginal delivery. SCL-90-R consist of ten sub-scales: somatization, obsessive-compulsive disorder, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, psychoticism, and a category of additional items. The subscale scores of the scale are obtained by dividing the score values of the answers given to the relevant items by the number of items forming the subscale. The points of all 90 items (0-4 points per item) were added and divided by 90 to obtain the general score. Patients with scores above 1 were considered to have a psychological problem. All test subtitles and total test values were statistically compared with the Student's-t test and Mann-Whi...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Has Delivery Method any Influence on the Postpartum Mood of the Mother? Postpartum SCL-90-R

Ateşer¹,

Öz²,

Sardarli³

et al. 2017

Istanbul Med J

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“…Data show that upward of 20% of parturient women suffer from a postpartum mood disorder with 7.1% of postpartum women experiencing a major depressive disorder, up to 19.2% experiencing any depression within 3 months of childbirth, and 8–12% of postpartum women experiencing an anxiety disorder, including generalized anxiety and obsessive‐compulsive disorder (Fairbrother, Janssen, Antony, Tucker, & Young, 2016; Gavin et al., 2005). Despite the many well‐documented negative effects of PPD/A on both maternal (Eaton, Armenian, Gallo, Pratt, & Ford, 1996; Joynt, Whellan, & O'Connor, 2003; Musselman, Evans, & Nemeroff, 1998; Norhayati, Hazlina, Asrenee, & Emilin, 2015; O'Hara & McCabe, 2013; Paul, Downs, Schaefer, Beiler, & Weisman, 2013; Yim, Tanner Stapleton, Guardino, Hahn‐Holbrook, & Dunkel Schetter, 2015) and child (Ashman, Dawson, & Panagiotides, 2008; Dawson et al., 2003; Elgar, McGrath, Waschbusch, Stewart, & Curtis, 2004; Glasheen, Richardson, & Fabio, 2010; Goodman & Brand, 2008; Goodman & Tully, 2007; Lundy & Field Jeffrey, 1996; Marchand & Hock, 1998; Stein et al., 2014; Zahn‐Waxler, Iannotti, Cummings, & Denham, 1990) health, the biological and psychosocial mechanisms through which PPD/A develop remain unclear (Deecher, Andree, Sloan, & Schechter, 2008; Pawluski, Lonstein, & Fleming, 2017; Payne, Palmer, & Joffe, 2009; Zonana & Gorman, 2005). Complicating our understanding of these mood disorders is the fact that PPD/A often occur comorbidly, with PPA frequently preceding PPD (Falah‐Hassani, Shiri, & Dennis, 2016; Reck et al., 2008), and there is growing consensus that anxiety may be a feature of PPD (Navarro et al., 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perinatal western‐type diet and associated gestational weight gain alter postpartum maternal mood

et al. 2017

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IntroductionThe role of perinatal diet in postpartum maternal mood disorders, including depression and anxiety, remains unclear. We investigated whether perinatal consumption of a Western‐type diet (high in fat and branched‐chain amino acids [BCAA]) and associated gestational weight gain (GWG) cause serotonin dysregulation in the central nervous system (CNS), resulting in postpartum depression and anxiety (PPD/A).MethodsMouse dams were fed one of four diets (high‐fat/high BCAA, low‐fat/high BCAA, high‐fat, and low‐fat) prior to mating and throughout gestation and lactation. Postpartum behavioral assessments were conducted, and plasma and brain tissues assayed. To evaluate potential clinical utility, we conducted preliminary human studies using data from an extant sample of 17 primiparous women with high GWG, comparing across self‐reported postpartum mood symptoms using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) for percent GWG and plasma amino acid levels.ResultsMouse dams fed the high‐fat/high BCAA diet gained more weight per kcal consumed, and BCAA‐supplemented dams lost weight more slowly postpartum. Dams on BCAA‐supplemented diets exhibited increased PPD/A‐like behavior, decreased dopaminergic function, and decreased plasma tyrosine and histidine levels when assessed on postnatal day (P)8. Preliminary human data showed that GWG accounted for 29% of the variance in EPDS scores. Histidine was also lower in women with higher EPDS scores.ConclusionsThese findings highlight the role of perinatal diet and excess GWG in the development of postpartum mood disorders.

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“…In this sense, the relationship with the baby is also impaired and may affect the breastfeeding process, a fundamental practice for the child's health, because children of depressed women are susceptible to diarrheal diseases, nutritional disorders and changes in the physical, emotional, cognitive and social development. (21)(22)(23) The findings of the present study reveal that 58% of children of the interviewed women were exclusively breastfed at the time of the survey. This rate is above the national and state prevalence of 47.3% and 47.7%, respectively, for children aged up to 60 days of life.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Depressão pós-parto e autoeficácia materna para amamentar: prevalência e associação

et al. 2016

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Objective: To identify the prevalence of postpartum depression symptoms and the level of self-efficacy to breastfeed among puerperal women assisted at a Breastfeeding Incentive Center, and to analyze possible associations. Methods: A cross-sectional study with 208 women up to 60 days postpartum submitted to the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale and the Self-Efficacy Scale for Breastfeeding. Results: Postpartum depression symptoms were present in 31.25% of women who presented medium (39.9%) and high (36.06%) levels of breastfeeding self-efficacy. The medium or high self-efficacy decreased the depression score by 27.4% or 38.8% respectively, while the high score on the postpartum depression scale reduced the self-efficacy score in breastfeeding by 11.84 points. Conclusion: The high prevalence of postpartum depression symptoms and self-efficacy for breastfeeding were evident in the studied population. The levels of postpartum depression symptoms and self-efficacy revealed a cause and effect association between themselves. ResumoObjetivo: Identificar a prevalência de sintomas de depressão pós-parto e o nível de autoeficácia para amamentar, entre puérperas atendidas num Centro de Incentivo ao Aleitamento Materno, e analisar possíveis associações. Métodos: Estudo transversal com 208 mulheres, até 60 dias pós-parto, submetidas à Escala de Depressão Pós-parto de Edinburgo e à Escala de Autoeficácia para Amamentar. Resultados: Sintomas de depressão pós-parto estiveram presentes em 31,25% das mulheres, que apresentaram níveis de autoeficácia para amamentar médio (39,9%) e alto (36,06%). Ter média ou alta autoeficácia diminui em 27,4% ou 38,8%, respectivamente, o escore de depressão, enquanto a elevada pontuação na escala de depressão pós-parto reduz em 11,84 pontos o escore da autoeficácia na amamentação. Conclusão: Prevalência elevada de sintomas de depressão pós-parto e de autoeficácia para amamentar foram evidenciados na população estudada. Os níveis de sintomas de depressão pós-parto e de autoeficácia revelaram associação de causa e efeito entre si.

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Magnitude and risk factors for postpartum symptoms: A literature review

Cited by 606 publications

References 250 publications

Has Delivery Method any Influence on the Postpartum Mood of the Mother? Postpartum SCL-90-R

Has Delivery Method any Influence on the Postpartum Mood of the Mother? Postpartum SCL-90-R

Perinatal western‐type diet and associated gestational weight gain alter postpartum maternal mood

Depressão pós-parto e autoeficácia materna para amamentar: prevalência e associação

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