Review—Textile Based Chemical and Physical Sensors for Healthcare Monitoring

Hatamie, Amir; Angizi, Shayan; Kumar, Saurabh; Pandey, Chandra Mouli; Simchi, A.; Willander, Magnus; Malhotra, Bansi D.

doi:10.1149/1945-7111/ab6827

Cited by 131 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 118 publications

(168 reference statements)

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“…The potassium level in sweat is related to muscle activity [27], and pH monitoring can be used for the management of chronic wounds [28]. A number of wearable sweat sensors have recently been developed in many different device forms, such as multi-sensor arrays [29], textile-based potentiometric sensors [30], smart bandages [31], patches [32], and tattoos [33], and these sensors are capable of monitoring electrolytes, metabolites, heavy metals, and toxic gases in human body fluids [34][35][36]. Despite the development of state-of-the-art sensors, considering their many applications in point-of-care diagnostics and exercise monitoring, the wearable sensor market requires that the sensor platforms are low cost, disposable, and amenable to mass production with high reproducibility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Concentrated, Conductive, Defect-free Graphene Ink for Screen-Printed Sensor Application

et al. 2021

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Highlights Ultrathin and defect-free graphene ink is prepared through a high-throughput fluid dynamics process, resulting in a high exfoliation yield (53.5%) and a high concentration (47.5 mg mL−1). A screen-printed graphene conductor exhibits a high electrical conductivity of 1.49 × 104 S m−1 and good mechanical flexibility. An electrochemical sodium ion sensor based on graphene ink exhibits an excellent potentiometric sensing performance in a mechanically bent state. Real-time monitoring of sodium ion concentration in sweat is demonstrated. Abstract Conductive inks based on graphene materials have received significant attention for the fabrication of a wide range of printed and flexible devices. However, the application of graphene fillers is limited by their restricted mass production and the low concentration of their suspensions. In this study, a highly concentrated and conductive ink based on defect-free graphene was developed by a scalable fluid dynamics process. A high shear exfoliation and mixing process enabled the production of graphene at a high concentration of 47.5 mg mL−1 for graphene ink. The screen-printed graphene conductor exhibits a high electrical conductivity of 1.49 × 104 S m−1 and maintains high conductivity under mechanical bending, compressing, and fatigue tests. Based on the as-prepared graphene ink, a printed electrochemical sodium ion (Na+) sensor that shows high potentiometric sensing performance was fabricated. Further, by integrating a wireless electronic module, a prototype Na+-sensing watch is demonstrated for the real-time monitoring of the sodium ion concentration in human sweat during the indoor exercise of a volunteer. The scalable and efficient procedure for the preparation of graphene ink presented in this work is very promising for the low-cost, reproducible, and large-scale printing of flexible and wearable electronic devices.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Concentrated, Conductive, Defect-free Graphene Ink for Screen-Printed Sensor Application

et al. 2021

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“…As was mentioned before, the goal of this research is to get a smart sock, capable of measuring temperature in diabetic foot. Some examples of prototypes of socks appear in [ 43 , 44 ] but sensors there are large, so they are not the better option for diabetic patients. The proposed system will be composed of several sensors located in predefined ROIs, these sensors will be managed by an Arduino board, which will send the collected data to a smartphone that will be able to create an alarm in case of needed.…”

Section: A Prototype Of a Smart Sockmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Infrared Thermography to Develop and Assess a Wearable Sock and Monitor Foot Temperature in Diabetic Subjects

González

Gómez-Martín

Encinas

et al. 2021

Sensors

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One important health problem that could affect diabetics is diabetic foot syndrome, as risk of ulceration, neuropathy, ischemia and infection. Unnoticed minor injuries, subsequent infection and ulceration may end in a foot amputation. Preliminary studies have shown a relationship between increased skin temperature and asymmetries between the same regions of both feet. In the preulceration phase, to develop a smart device able to control the temperature of these types of patients to avoid this risk might be very useful. A statistical analysis has been carried out with a sample of foot temperature data obtained from 93 individuals, of whom 44 are diabetics and 49 nondiabetics and among them 43% are men and 57% are women. Data obtained with a thermographic camera has been successful in providing a set of regions of interest, where the temperature could influence the individual, and the behavior of several variables that could affect these subjects provides a mathematical model. Finally, an in-depth analysis of existing sensors situated in those positions, namely, heel, medial midfoot, first metatarsal head, fifth metatarsal head, and first toe has allowed for the development of a smart sock to store temperatures obtained every few minutes in a mobile device.

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“…The substrate selection for antenna sensor requires a low loss material so as to have better chances of increased antenna sensor efficiency when placed on the body. In fact, this is one of the important considerations for wearable electronics design [ 58 ]. Several flexible wearable antenna sensors are implemented on different types of materials such as papers [ 59 ], fabrics [ 60 ], and plastics [ 61 ].…”

Section: Flexible Wearable Antenna Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Flexible Wearable Antenna Sensors: Design, Fabrication Methods, and Applications

et al. 2020

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This review paper summarizes various approaches developed in the literature for antenna sensors with an emphasis on flexible solutions. The survey helps to recognize the limitations and advantages of this technology. Furthermore, it offers an overview of the main points for the development and design of flexible antenna sensors from the selection of the materials to the framing of the antenna including the different scenario applications. With regard to wearable antenna sensors deployment, a review of the textile materials that have been employed is also presented. Several examples related to human body applications of flexible antenna sensors such as the detection of NaCl and sugar solutions, blood and bodily variables such as temperature, strain, and finger postures are also presented. Future investigation directions and research challenges are proposed.

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Review—Textile Based Chemical and Physical Sensors for Healthcare Monitoring

Cited by 131 publications

References 118 publications

Highly Concentrated, Conductive, Defect-free Graphene Ink for Screen-Printed Sensor Application

Highly Concentrated, Conductive, Defect-free Graphene Ink for Screen-Printed Sensor Application

The Use of Infrared Thermography to Develop and Assess a Wearable Sock and Monitor Foot Temperature in Diabetic Subjects

A Review of Flexible Wearable Antenna Sensors: Design, Fabrication Methods, and Applications

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