Results of Cooperation Between Breeders of Different Institutions in Creation of New Generation Apple Tree

Седов, Е Н; Yanchuk, Т. V.; Korneeva, S. А.; Dutova, L. I.; Ulianovskaya, Elena V.

doi:10.30850/vrsn/2020/4/46-49

Cited by 3 publications

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“…Необходимо создавать и привлекать сорта конкурентоспособные, технологичные, скороплодные, устойчивые к неблагоприятным абиотическим и биотическим факторам среды, с плодами высокого качества (Sedov et al, 2008;Savelyev et al, 2009;Kalinina, Makarenko, 2013;Ikase, Lācis, 2013;Kazlouskaya, 2015;Ulyanovskaya et al, 2016;Sedov et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…С использованием в селекции инновационного метода полиплоидии создано 17 триплоидных сортов яблони, в том числе 13 впервые в России и в мире -от интервалентных скрещиваний (Sedov, 2011). В последние годы создано 22 новых сорта в содружестве с Северо-Кавказским научно-исследовательским институтом садоводства и виноградарства (Sedov et al, 2020;Ulyanovskaya et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Assessment of adaptability and fruit quality in new apple cultivars for intensive orchards

Красова

Ожерельева

Галашева

et al. 2022

Trudy po prikladnoy botanike, genetike i selektsii

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Background. Competitive early-fruiting apple cultivars with high commercial and consumer qualities, resistant to unfavorable stressors, are required for successful horticulture development.Materials and methods. The study included apple cultivars developed by innovative methods using scab resistance donors (Rvi6) and diploid gamete donors. Foreign cultivars commercialized in the region were also used. Conventional variety testing techniques were applied. Fifteen cultivars released by the Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding (VNIISPK), 6 foreign cultivars, and one reference (‘Antonovka obyknovennaya’) were assessed.Results. Simulating damaging factors helped to identify good resistance of tissues and buds of domestically bred apple cultivars to early winter frosts. These cultivars survived a temperature decrease to –30°C without damage in early winter and without significant damage (no more than 2.0 pts) at –40°C in midwinter, including the scab-immune (Rvi6) cultivars ‘Ivanovskoye’ and ‘Pamyat Hitrovo’, and immune triploids (3×) ‘Aleksandr Boyko’, ‘Akademik Saveliev’ and ‘Vavilovskoye’. Bud damage in ‘Gala’ and ‘Ligol’ was stronger (2.5 pts) and increased to 3.0 pts under simulated temperatures down to –38°C and –40°C. ‘Gala’ showed the lowest resistance in midwinter. Early-fruiting cvs. ‘Blagodat’, ‘Ivanovskoye’, ‘Pamyat Hitrovo’ and ‘Rozhdestvenskoye’ were identified. On average, triploids ‘Blagodat’ and ‘Patriot’, scab-immune ‘Afrodita’, ‘Ivanovskoye’ and ‘Start’, and scab-immune triploid ‘Rozhdestvenskoye’ significantly exceeded ‘Antonovka’ and other cultivars in yield. Conclusion. The new innovative winter cultivars developed at VNIISPK matched foreign cultivars in marketability and consumer qualities, while in scab resistance and adaptability they significantly exceeded most of them. ‘Akademik Saveliev’, ‘Aleksandr Boyko’, ‘Afrodita’, ‘Vavilovskoye’, ‘Ivanovskoye’, ‘Prazdnichnoye’ and ‘Rozhdestvenskoye’ were recommended for intensive-type orchards.

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Section: Introductionunclassified

Assessment of adaptability and fruit quality in new apple cultivars for intensive orchards

Красова

Ожерельева

Галашева

et al. 2022

Trudy po prikladnoy botanike, genetike i selektsii

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“…In conditions of fierce competition and the appearance of high-quality foreign, but insufficiently winter-hardy, apple cultivars in the assortment of the middle gardening zone, the task is to attract new domestic cultivars that combine technology, precocity, high commodity and consumer qualities of fruits with high adaptability to unfavorable environmental factors [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production and Biological Assessment of VNIISPK Cultivars of Various Ploidy for the Zone of Temperate Continental Climate

Красова

Ожерельева

Галашева

et al. 2022

Plants

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Increasing the reliability of fruit crops in unstable weather conditions of a temperate continental climate has become particularly relevant. This research was carried out based on a bioresource collection from the Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding (VNIISPK BRC). Apple cultivars (diploids and triploids) of different maturation periods were studied. Triploid cultivars (3×) of summer maturation were developed using diploid gametes of the ‘Papirovka tetraploid’ cultivar as a donor (2-4-4-4×), triploids of winter maturation were developed using 13-6-106 (Suvorovetz: open pollination), and ‘Wealthy tetraploid’ (2-4-4-4×) or ‘Giant Spy’ (2-4-4-4×) were used as donors of diploid gametes. ‘Antonovka’ and ‘Melba’ were taken as control cultivars. The aim of this work was to evaluate the apple breeding cultivars according to the main economic and biological indicators and to determine the threshold of resistance to unfavorable conditions of the winter period for possible cultivation in specific conditions of a temperate continental climate. As a result of using the method of modeling damaging factors, apple cultivars that withstood not only the critical temperatures of January, but also especially dangerous frosts after thaws at the end of winter were identified, with the stability of vital tissues at the level of ‘Antonovka’ (a control cultivar), scab immune cultivars (RVi6) ‘Ivanovskoye’, ‘Zdorovie’ and ‘Pamyati Hitrovo’, and immune triploids (3×) ‘Vavilovskoye’, ‘Aleksandr Boyko’, Rozhdestvenskoye’ and ‘Academic Saveliev’. During the whole winter, the winter resistance of summer scab immune triploids, ‘Zhilinskoye’, ‘Maslovskoye’, ‘Yablochny Spas’ and ‘Spasskoye’, was at the level of ‘Antonovka’, but was higher than ‘Melba’. The high precocity of scab-immune cultivars, ’Afrodita’, ‘Ivanovskoye’, ‘Veniaminovskoye’, and ‘Yubiley Moskvy’, and triploids ‘Patriot’ and ‘Rozhdestvenskoye’, have been identified. Triploid cultivars are superior to diploid cultivars and control ‘Antonovka’ in fruit size. According to the complex of characteristics, promising apple cultivars were identified for planting in intensive orchards of the temperate continental climate zones, namely ‘Avgusta’ and ‘Solnyshko’ (summer cultivars), and ‘Aleksandr Boyko’, ‘Vavilovskoye’, ‘Venyaminovskoye’, ‘Ivanovskoye’ and ‘Rozhdestvenskoye’ (winter cultivars).

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Selection improvement of apple tree assortment for southern horticulture

Ulyanovskaya

Atabiev²

2023

Sadovodstvo i vinogradarstvo

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The paper presents the results of a long-term test of eight scab-immune apple varieties of domestic and foreign breeding under the conditions of North Caucasus region of Russia. The study was aimed at improving the assortment of apple trees in the Southern region of Russia on the basis of a comprehensive assessment of promising varieties of domestic and foreign breeding. The study objects included scab-immune apple varieties (Malus x domestica Borkh.) of various ecological and genetic origin: Carmen, Nika, Orphey and Margo (North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Wine-making together with Nationwide Research Institute for Horticultural Breeding, Russia), Mikhsan and Zarya Stavropoliya (Stavropol Experimental Horticulture Station together with Nationwide Research Institute for Horticultural Breeding, Russia), Modi (Italy), Florina (France). The common and up-to-date breeding programs and techniques developed with the assistance of Nationwide Research Institute for Horticultural Breeding were applied. Based on the long-term results of ecological testing of new scab-immune apple varieties of different origins under the conditions of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania and Krasnodar Krai, the most valuable varieties for industrial use and for breeding process were identified. The following varieties were identified as promising for industrial use and breeding: varieties with a late flowering time – Margo and Orphey; varieties with a high average flowering score (4.5–5.0 points): Carmen, Modi, Orphey, Nika, Florina, Margo. It was found that all investigated varieties of apple trees can be attributed to the annual fruit-bearing; the periodicity of fruiting varied within 22.6–28.8 %. In 2020, in the conditions of North Ossetia-Alania the maximum yield was observed for the following scab-immune varieties: Margo (24.1 t/ha) and Modi (25.2 t/ha) on rootstock СK2; Mikhsan (19.2 t/ha) and Nika (20.6 t/ha) on rootstock MM106. In order to improve the assortment of the Southern region of Russia and to create modern intensive orchards, new varieties of apple of domestic breeding were recommended: Margo, Nika, Orphey and Modi (foreign breeding), which have high productivity, immunity to scab (based on Rvi-6 gene), better commerciality and a long period of fruit storage.

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Results of Cooperation Between Breeders of Different Institutions in Creation of New Generation Apple Tree

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Assessment of adaptability and fruit quality in new apple cultivars for intensive orchards

Assessment of adaptability and fruit quality in new apple cultivars for intensive orchards

Production and Biological Assessment of VNIISPK Cultivars of Various Ploidy for the Zone of Temperate Continental Climate

Selection improvement of apple tree assortment for southern horticulture

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