Resonance Scattering Lidar

Abo, Makoto

doi:10.1007/0-387-25101-4_11

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Furthermore, the integration Raman technique fails also in the stratosphere when polar stratospheric clouds or volcanic ash yield significant extinction. While the presence of atoms from elements like Na, K, Ca, and Fe allow for using resonance fluorescence effects for temperature measurements in the mesopause region (see Abo [] for an overview), this concept is not applicable in the troposphere either.…”

Section: Remote Sensing Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the remote sensing of lower tropospheric thermodynamic profiles and its indispensable role for the understanding and the simulation of water and energy cycles

Wulfmeyer

Hardesty

Turner

et al. 2015

Reviews of Geophysics

195

150

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A review of remote sensing technology for lower tropospheric thermodynamic (TD) profiling is presented with focus on high accuracy and high temporal-vertical resolution. The contributions of these instruments to the understanding of the Earth system are assessed with respect to radiative transfer, land surface-atmosphere feedback, convection initiation, and data assimilation. We demonstrate that for progress in weather and climate research, TD profilers are essential. These observational systems must resolve gradients of humidity and temperature in the stable or unstable atmospheric surface layer close to the ground, in the mixed layer, in the interfacial layer-usually characterized by an inversion-and the lower troposphere. A thorough analysis of the current observing systems is performed revealing significant gaps that must be addressed to fulfill existing needs. We analyze whether current and future passive and active remote sensing systems can close these gaps. A methodological analysis and demonstration of measurement capabilities with respect to bias and precision is executed both for passive and active remote sensing including passive infrared and microwave spectroscopy, the global navigation satellite system, as well as water vapor and temperature Raman lidar and water vapor differential absorption lidar. Whereas passive remote sensing systems are already mature with respect to operational applications, active remote sensing systems require further engineering to become operational in networks. However, active remote sensing systems provide a smaller bias as well as higher temporal and vertical resolutions. For a suitable mesoscale network design, TD profiler system developments should be intensified and dedicated observing system simulation experiments should be performed.

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Section: Remote Sensing Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the remote sensing of lower tropospheric thermodynamic profiles and its indispensable role for the understanding and the simulation of water and energy cycles

Wulfmeyer

Hardesty

Turner

et al. 2015

Reviews of Geophysics

195

150

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Unlike Rayleigh and Mie scattering, Raman scattering is inelastic and involves energy (or wavelength) shift, based on the molecular nature of the particles impinged by the light; the Raman energy shift is unique to different molecules and could be used to characterize different particles (Turner et al ., 2016). Resonance fluorescence scattering is also inelastic and occurs when the wavelength of the incidence light corresponds to the absorption line of the atoms, ions or molecules, such that the atoms are excited to a higher energy level by the incoming light and re‐emit photons of the same or longer wavelength than the incident light (Abo, 2005; Gardner and Collins, 2015). Although elastic scatterings could be used to map clouds and detect PBAPs such as pollens, bacterial and fungal cells, or spores at low concentrations and long range, those types of LiDAR have poor resolution for particles of different composition but similar sizes.…”

Section: Types Of Lidarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of laser‐induced fluorescence‐light detection and ranging for future stand‐off virus surveillance

Owoicho

Olwal

Quaye

2020

Microbial Biotechnology

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Viruses remain a significant public health concern worldwide. Recently, humanity has faced deadly viral infections, including Zika, Ebola and the current severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The threat is associated with the ability of the viruses to mutate frequently and adapt to different hosts. Thus, there is the need for robust detection and classification of emerging virus strains to ensure that humanity is prepared in terms of vaccine and drug developments. A point or stand-off biosensor that can detect and classify viruses from indoor and outdoor environments would be suited for viral surveillance. Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) is a facile and versatile tool that has been explored for stand-off detection in different environments including atmospheric, oceans and forest sensing. Notably, laser-induced fluorescence-light detection and ranging (LIF-LiDAR) has been used to identify MS2 bacteriophage on artificially contaminated surgical equipment or released amidst other primary biological aerosol particles in laboratory-like close chamber. It has also been shown to distinguish between different picornaviruses. Currently, the potentials of the LIF-LiDAR technology for real-time stand-off surveillance of pathogenic viruses in indoor and outdoor environments have not been assessed. Considering the increasing applications of LIF-LiDAR for potential microbial pathogens detection and classification, and the need for more robust tools for viral surveillance at safe distance, we critically evaluate the prospects and challenges of LIF-LiDAR technology for real-time stand-off detection and classification of potentially pathogenic viruses in various environments.

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