“…Various dopant elements, such as Al [ 137 , 175 , 176 ], B [ 177 ], Co [ 138 , 139 , 169 , 178 ], Cr [ 110 , 158 ], Cu [ 87 , 140 , 179 ], Fe [ 180 , 181 ], Ga [ 112 , 182 , 183 ], La [ 144 ], Li [ 184 , 185 ], Mg [ 55 , 111 , 145 , 186 – 190 ], Mn [ 91 , 146 – 148 , 191 – 195 ], N [ 56 , 149 ], Ni [ 196 ], S [ 197 ], Sn [ 90 , 198 ], Ta [ 199 ], Ti [ 150 , 151 ], V [ 85 ], and Zr [ 86 ], that have been reported may exhibit decent switching performance. ZnO-based RRAM with multi-element doping, such as Al-Sn [ 136 , 200 ], Ga-Sn [ 201 ], and In-Ga [ 141 – 143 , 202 – 208 ], is also proposed. The effect of doping on the resistive switching performance is summarized in Table 2 .…”