Resiliência em crianças acolhidas: suas percepções sobre as adversidades

Abstract

Resiliência em crianças acolhidas: suas percepções sobre as adversidades Resilience ResumoResiliência em Psicologia envolve diferentes aspectos e capacidades das pessoas de superar obstáculos, sendo considerado um fator relevante a ser estudado no contexto do acolhimento institucional. Este estudo de caráter exploratório, descritivo, com delineamento misto, objetivou analisar a relação entre resiliência e fatores de risco e proteção na percepção de crianças em acolhimento institucional. Foi realizado em duas etapas, sendo a primeira por meio de uma escala de resiliência e a segunda, de uma entrevista semiestruturada com dez crianças entre 6 e 12 anos acolhidas na cidade de Porto Alegre. Os resultados apontaram que, apesar de o processo de acolhimento institucional representar risco, foram constatados altos níveis de resiliência. Em seus discursos, eles valorizaram os mecanismos de proteção disponíveis, demonstrando lidar de forma adaptativa com as adversidades. Concluiu-se que os mecanismos de proteção podem ser explorados para promover a resiliência como fator de saúde mental. Palavras-chave: Resiliência psicológica. Criança institucionalizada. Fatores de risco. AbstractResilience in psychology involves different aspects and abilities of people to overcome obstacles, is considered a relevant factor to be studied in the context of institutional care. This study exploratory, descriptive, with mixed design aimed to analyze the relationship between resilience and risk and protective factors in the perception of children in institutional care. It was conducted in two stages, the first being through a Resilience Scale and the second through a semi-structured interview, with ten children between six and twelve years-old received in the city of Porto Alegre. The results show that although the process of institutional care presents risk for

Institutional sheltering through the child’s perspective

“…Though, the study performed with 10 children at ages that ranged from 6 to 12, showed that three of the interviewed children did not know the reason for their sheltering (Conzatti & Mosmann, 2015). Therefore, the data of the present study and the literature showed that the level of comprehension of their situation might not be associated with the age of the selected children.…”

“…The plays are seen as moments for the children to establish effective exchanges and strengthen the affective bonds (Pessoa et al, 2020), in addition to being a moment of free expression in which they can reveal positive and negative aspects of their daily lives (Kappler & Mendes, 2019). Preserving the play in the sheltered children's lives presents itself as a positive aspect, which suggests that the subjects experience well-being in the institution and great development (Conzatti & Mosmann, 2015).…”

“…It is fundamental that, in addition to this technique, it is essential to listen to this subject, who is capable of reflecting on his or her own experiences (Bernardi, 2010;Rosado & Campelo, 2011). Throughout the time such reality was changed and studies started to give voice to these subjects as protagonists of their experiences (Calcing & Benetti, 2014;Conzatti & Mosmann, 2015;Gabatz et al, 2010;Lauz & Borges, 2013;Lira & Pedrosa, 2016;Pessoa et al, 2020;Trivellato et al, 2013).…”

Institutional caregiver experiences in child care

“…In all situations, the caregiver plays a fundamental role and can, through affective bond, promote mechanisms of protection for the mental and emotional health of these children. 15 Therefore, it is essential to promote the improvement of caregivers based on their valorization and re-meaning of their role with children. They need to be prepared to assist the child in adapting to the institution, as well as to reinserting her into the family of origin or into surrogate families, where appropriate.…”

Rede de apoio da criança acolhida: a perspectiva da criança

“…Mas, com relação à família extensa, ela também exerce funções importante na vida e no desenvolvimento desses sujeitos (Siqueira, Tubino, Schwarz & Dell'Aglio, 2009). Apesar do afastamento familiar e o recebimento de cuidados adequados na instituição de acolhimento, as crianças e adolescentes têm uma percepção otimista de seus familiares (Conzatti & Mosmann, 2015;Siqueira, Tubino, Schwarz & Dell'Aglio, 2009), proximidade em sua rede de apoio social e desejam retornar ao seu lar (Cruz, Magalhães & Corrêa, 2015;Furtado, Magalhães, Silva, Cruz & Santos, 2019;Platilha, Magalhães & Pedroso, 2014;Rosa, Santos, Melo & Souza, 2010;Siqueira & Dell'Aglio, 2010).…”