Reprodução na juventude: perfis sociodemográficos, comportamentais e reprodutivos na PNDS 2006

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:Analyze the sociodemographic characteristics and the sexual and reproductive behavior of young women. METHODS:A cross-sectional nationally representative study was performed about sexual, contraceptive and reproductive behavior with 2,991 women age 15 to 20 years in the National Survey on Demography and Health of Women and Children, 2006. The women were classifi ed into three groups: sexual initiation and pregnancy before the age of 20 (group A); sexual initiation but no pregnancy before the age of 20 (group B) and no sexual initiation (group C). Women until age 25 years were included in the study about reasons for becoming pregnant and the implications for their lives. Statistical analysis considered survey weights and the complex sample design. The association between two categorical variables was assessed by chi-square test. The behavior variables were assessed using a global linear model. RESULTS:Women in group A were mainly black, poorer and with lower education level. These women had an early sexual initiation, less safe contraceptive behavior and less knowledge of reproduction physiology in comparison with group B; young women in group C were characterized by greater attendance at school and 1/3 of this group claimed to maintain their virginity until marriage. For women up to the age of 25, pregnancy before 20 years was perceived as having more positive than negative impacts upon their love life, spousal relationships, social lives and self-esteem. CONCLUSIONS:There is a signifi cant association between pregnancy before the age of 20 and higher poverty and lower educational level. In the absence of better living conditions and opportunities, pregnancy, although unplanned, becomes "a plan for life", and is not seen as a lack of life planning.

Use of and access to oral and injectable contraceptives in Brazil

“…Between ages 15 and 20, data from the 2006 PNDS show that 44.2% of young women had never engaged in sexual intercourse; however, 24.8% became pregnant before the age of 20, which makes contraception in this age group a public health issue 2 . Studies indicate advantages in the use of medium- and long-term reversible methods, including injectable contraceptives, especially in adolescence 5 , 11 .…”

Sexual behavior among Brazilian adolescents, National Adolescent School-based Health Survey (PeNSE 2012)

“…Data from the National Adolescent School-based Health Survey (PeNSE) in 2009, in the Brazilian capitals, showed that among adolescents aged 14 who have already had sexual intercourse, about more than a third (35.4%) had their first sexual intercourse when 12 years old or less, 42.3% among boys and 19.7% among girls 6 . Studies in Brazil 7,8 and in the world 4,5,9 show that early sexual intercourse is associated with unprotected sex and more partners over a lifetime. Unprotected sex is one of the factors which contribute the most to the increasing number of disability-adjusted life years (DALY) RESUMO: Objetivo: Este estudo descreve o comportamento sexual entre estudantes que participaram da Pesquisa Nacional sobre a Saúde do Escolar (PeNSE) 2012 e investiga se as desigualdades sociais, o uso de substâncias psicoativas e a presença de informações sobre a saúde sexual e reprodutiva na escola estão associados a diferenças nesse comportamento.…”

Knowledge, Experiences and Beliefs in the Sexual Field: A Study of 1st and 2nd Year High School Students From Different Socioeconomic Backgrounds

“…Também revelam a grande dificuldade de acesso e uso dos métodos contraceptivos entre adolescentes dessa classe social. 11,12 Quanto aos aspectos culturais, e particularmente aos mitos e crenças no campo da sexualidade, ainda pouco aprofundados na literatura, acredita-se na possibilidade de que perfis socioeconômicos distintos dos adolescentes possam revelar variações importantes na forma como eles lidam com sua sexualidade. Neste estudo o objetivo foi analisar conhecimentos, vivências e crenças no campo sexual de estudantes do ensino médio, de escolas públicas e privadas, que possam repercutir na vulnerabilidade social desse grupo etário.…”