Sexual behavior among Brazilian adolescents, National Adolescent School-based Health Survey (PeNSE 2012)

Abstract

ABSTRACT:Objective: This study describes the sexual behavior among students who participated in the National Adolescent School-based Health Survey (PeNSE) 2012 and investigates whether social inequalities, the use of psychoactive substances and the dissemination of information on sexual and reproductive health in school are associated with differences in behavior. Methodology: The response variable was the sexual behavior described in three categories (never had sexual intercourse, had protected sexual intercourse, had unprotected sexual intercourse). The explanatory variables were grouped into socio-demographic characteristics, substance use and information on sexual and reproductive health in school. Variables associated with the conduct and unprotected sex were identified through multinomial logistic regression, using "never had sexual intercourse" as a reference. Results: Over nearly a quarter of the adolescents have had sexual intercourse in life, being more frequent among boys. About 25% did not use a condom in the last intercourse. Low maternal education and work increased the chance of risky sexual behavior. Any chance of protected and unprotected sex increased with the number of psychoactive substances used. Among those who don't receive guidance on the prevention of pregnancy in school, the chance to have sexual intercourse increased, with the largest magnitude for unprotected sex (OR = 1.41 and OR = 1.87 ). Conclusion: The information on preventing pregnancy and STD/ AIDS need to be disseminated before the 9 th grade. Social inequalities negatively affect risky sexual behavior. Substance use is strongly associated with unprotected sex. Information on the prevention of pregnancy and STD/AIDS need to be disseminated early.

Realities and perspectives of adolescent mothers in their first pregnancy

“…The interviewees showed the immaturity in the relations with the partner and the lack of dialogue about reproductive planning; some hinted that pregnancy was unexpected, even without correct use of contraceptive methods. The findings corroborate other studies that observed the non-use of condoms and warn about health risks, in addition to early pregnancy (17,20) .…”

“…When the school does not perform its role as promoter of sexual and reproductive health, there is an increase in the likelihood of unprotected sexual intercourse (16,20) .…”

Início da vida sexual em adolescentes escolares: um estudo transversal sobre comportamento sexual de risco em Abaetetuba, Estado do Pará, Brasil

“…Para fins de análise, neste trabalho foi considerada iniciação sexual precoce, o adolescente que teve sua primeira relação antes dos 15 anos de idade (M = 15,7; DP = 1,98) que está baseada na média de idade com que os jovens brasileiros geralmente iniciam sua vida sexual 4,9,23,24,25,26 .…”

Aspectos da atividade sexual precoce

“…Nos dados da PeNSE de 2012 referentes aos adolescentes entre 13 e 15 anos, cerca de 25% tiveram relações sexuais e um quarto deles não usaram preservativo na última relação sexual. Os adolescentes que não tiveram orientação na escola sobre prevenção de gravidez apresentaram 1,41 vezes mais chance de ter relações sexuais e 1,87 mais chances de tê-las sem proteção 19 . Em 2010, um estudo com 17.371 alunos do ensino médio de escolas públicas e particulares de 27 capitais brasileiras evidenciou que cerca de um terço deles tiveram relações sexuais e quase a metade não usou preservativo, especialmente os de menor nível socioeconômico.…”

“…O consumo excessivo de drogas ilícitas foi independentemente associado à relação sexual desprotegida 20 . Baixa escolaridade materna e mãe que trabalha aumentam a chance da adolescente adotar comportamento sexual de risco 19 . Quanto à etnia, meninas negras e as que experimentam cocaína são 4,88 vezes mais suscetíveis de engravidar em decorrência de comportamento sexual de risco 21 .…”