Release of drugs used in the treatment of osteoporosis from zeolites with divalent ions—Influence of the type of ion and drug on the release profile

Abstract

Bisphosphonates are drugs that are used to treat osteoporosis that causes the low mineral density of the bones. These drugs can be delivered in several ways, but each method has disadvantages. Materials with high potential as carriers of these drugs are zeolites with divalent ions. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of divalent cations (calcium, magnesium, zinc) and drug type (risedronate, zoledronate) on sorption and release of the drug for osteoporosis. It was proved that drug sorption occurs on all zeolites presented in this work. Risedronate sorption was highest in zinc zeolite and lowest in calcium zeolite. In the case of zoledronate, sorption was most effective in magnesium zeolite and the least effective in zinc zeolite. Very large differences in drug release profiles were also observed. Risedronate was released several times longer than zoledronate. The diversity of the results indicates that the examined materials can be used in different types of drug delivery systems. They can be used, for example, intravenously or in the form of implants due to the different release profiles. Furthermore, the proposed carriers also release magnesium and calcium ions which are used in the prevention of osteoporosis, and zinc ions which have antibacterial properties.

Zeolites with Divalent Ions as Carriers in the Delivery of Epigallocatechin Gallate

“…Moreover, it can be seen that the ion exchange does not affect the agglomeration of the particles, which could eliminate them as potential drug carriers. 34 , 35 In the case of SEM images after the epigallocatechin gallate sorption process, the zeolites do not differ significantly from their images before drug attachment. The particles are typical of a microporous aluminosilicate structure with regularly occurring crystals.…”

“…This means that the inclusion of magnesium, calcium, strontium, and zinc ions does not change the appearance and size of the zeolite particles, and the elements did not deposit on the surface of the materials in the form of chlorides or oxides. Moreover, it can be seen that the ion exchange does not affect the agglomeration of the particles, which could eliminate them as potential drug carriers. , In the case of SEM images after the epigallocatechin gallate sorption process, the zeolites do not differ significantly from their images before drug attachment. The particles are typical of a microporous aluminosilicate structure with regularly occurring crystals.…”

“…The described ion exchange procedure has already been used by the authors of this work in other publications, in which it was proved that ion exchange does not change the crystalline properties of the zeolite. , …”

Characterization of Magnesium and Zinc Forms of Sodalite Coatings on Ti6Al4V ELI for Potential Application in the Release of Drugs for Osteoporosis

“…However, when we look at the % release relative to the amount of drug retained, the magnesium material releases more drug. This is due to the fact that zinc ions better complex the drug and retain it longer in the zeolite layer [ 34 ].…”

Characterization of a Zeolite-Y-Encapsulated Zn(II)Salmphen Complex with Targeted Anticancer Property

“…Due to their structural properties, biocompatibility, and stability in biological environments, these porous materials have numerous applications in biology as an active ingredient as well as a drug carrier. − It is observed that when both the zeolite and a drug are administered simultaneously to a patient, the pharmacological effect of the drug is not lost. It has been shown that the encapsulation of some hydrophobic chemotherapeutic medicines such as 5-fluorouracil, temozolomide, and α-cyano-4-hydroxy-cinnamic acid in various zeolite structures enhanced the action of drug molecules in biological system. ,,− Even the internalization of various zeolite moieties within cancer cells was found to be faster than the normal cell lines. − Encapsulation of different transition-metal complexes with molecular dimensions comparable to the diameter of zeolitic cavities has been immensely endeavored and numerous applications have been accentuated. − A copper Schiff base complex encapsulated inside zeolite-Y was screened for its cytotoxic activity. Interestingly, in comparison to cisplatin, a zeolite-Y-encapsulated Cu­(II)­hydrazone complex has shown a superior therapeutic effect in HePG2 cells (human liver cancer).…”