Relaxation of Residual Stress Part 2: Relaxation of Stage 2

Abstract

<b>Problem statement:</b> Compressive residual stress induced by surface treatment such as shot peening increased component’s fatigue life. However the initial induced residual stresses relax during component operating life and it is important to consider the relaxation in the design.<b> Approach:</b> In this study, a 2024-T351 aluminum alloy specimens were shot peened into three shot peening intensities condition to induce compressive residual stresses. Then fatigue test for two loads was performed for the 10, 1000 and 10000 cyclic loads. The initial residual stresses at the initial condition and after 10, 1000 and 10000 cycle of fatigue loading were measured using X-ray diffraction method.<b> Results:</b> The results showed that the relaxation of the residual stress for the load 15.5 kN is less than the relaxation of the load 30 kN for the three shot peening intensity. The maximum relaxation for load 15.5 kN is 46% of the initial residual stress at 10000 cycles for intensity 0.009 A while the maximum relaxation for load 30 kN is 54% at 10000 cycles for the intensity of 0.0054% A. this result indicated that the residual stress relaxation depended on the load amplitude. <b>Conclusion: </b>The initial residual stress did not remain stable during the component’s fatigue life. Within the second phase relaxation, micro-plastic strains accumulating from cycle to cycle. The residual stress relaxation for second phase is in logarithmic relationship

Effect of weld residual stress on fatigue strength

“…Hence, residual stresses can be beneficial or harmful as long as they are stable. However, due to cyclic loading, the relaxation of such stresses is a well-known phenomenon [4][5][6][7][8]. It has been found that this relaxation depends on the initial residual stress, the actual material, and the loading condition.…”

“…It has been found that this relaxation depends on the initial residual stress, the actual material, and the loading condition. It has been showed that the amount of residual stress relaxation is very low [6], [7], [8] in the case where the applied cyclic loading does not cause micro-plasticity. While the higher amount of residual stress relaxation noted with load cycles cause macro-plasticity.…”

Prediction of Residual Stress Relaxation of Shot Peened 2024-T351 Aluminum Alloy: Part 1

“…2 supports the linear logarithmic decreasing relationship between residual stress and loading cycle only after the first cycle. However, relaxation of the compressive residual stress in the first cycle reached more than 40% [5,6]. Kodama model does not considered this large amount of first cycle relaxation.…”

Micro-Hardness and Residual Stress Relaxation of 2024 T351 Aluminum Alloy

“…A comprehensive review of the residual stress relaxation models can be found in [7]. The relaxation of residual stress in the first stage (surface yielding) and the second stage (subsequent cycles) for 2024-T351 were investigated [8,9], the result showed that the compressive residual stress relaxation is found to be more than 50% of its initial state of stress.…”