Relationship between intake of fruits and vegetables toward hypertension among elderly in Yogyakarta

Abstract

Introduction: Hypertension resembles a medical condition affecting mostly patients over 60 years. Hypertension might be influenced by antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory components contained in fruits and vegetables. Based on 2013 data, the prevalence of hypertension in the elderly in Indonesia was 25.8%. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between fruit and vegetable intake among geriatric hypertensive patients in the city of Yogyakarta.Methods: Analytical observational study was designed with Cross-sectional type. The subjects of recent study were 138 elderly in integrated service post located in the area of Umbulharjo 1 and Umbulharjo 2 community health center in Yogyakarta City and selected by a multi-stage sampling technique. The consumption of fruits and vegetables measured by Semi-Qualitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and 24-hour recall, meanwhile blood pressure examination used mercury sphygmomanometer.Results: Chi-Square test results showed a relationship between fruits consumed by elderly people and the prevalence of hypertension (p = 0.003) and vegetable intake in elderly significantly associated with the prevalence of hypertension (p = 0.032). The multivariate test results showed there were significant relationship regarding fruit intake with the prevalence of hypertension in elderly (OR = 1.82; p = 0.01).Conclusion: Intake of fruits and vegetables may reduce the risk of hypertension.

Gender Differences in Prevalence and Risk Factors for Hypertension among Adult Populations: A Cross-Sectional Study in Indonesia

“…The Riskesdas report in 2013 showed that the prevalence of self-reported hypertension among adults in Yogyakarta was 25.7% [ 5 ]. Previous studies in Yogyakarta province revealed that risk factors for hypertension were obesity, intake of fruits and vegetables [ 10 ], physical activity and anxiety levels [ 11 ]. Several studies showed that factors associated with hypertension among the Indonesian adult population were age [ 12 , 13 ], low education, overweight or obesity and health care utilization in the last month [ 14 ].…”

Diabetes and Hypertension Are Associated with Food Insecurity in a Cameroonian Population: A Case-Control Study

“…Our study revealed that low fruit consumption was significantly associated with high blood pressure and diabetes in the study population. Fruit is an agricultural commodity that contributes significantly to dietary diversity and nutritional adequacy in terms of vitamins, minerals such as potassium and magnesium, antioxidants and dietary fiber [43] [44]. These compounds, notably potassium and magnesium, are known to have protective effects on endothelial function [45].…”

Self-Care Management for Hypertension in Southeast Asia: A Scoping Review

“…In the quantitative and mixed-method studies, body weight management (29 studies 20 , 24 , 25 , 29 , 30 , 33 , 36 , 39–50 , 52 , 53 , 56–62 , 64 ) and physical exercise (22 studies 21 , 22 , 24 , 30–33 , 35 , 38 , 40–43 , 45 , 47 , 52 , 53 , 56 , 57 , 60 , 61 , 75 ) were the most reported, whereas in the qualitative studies, medication adherence and diet intake was the most reported self-care practice. In addition, a few studies described alternative self-care management methods such as stress-relieving methods (6 studies 35 , 40 , 60 , 66 , 68 , 75 ), sleep and rest (2 studies 68 , 74 ), and spiritual fulfilment was described in one study.…”

“…A study with the largest sample (313,714) was conducted by Nurdiantami et al 24 Sample sizes ranged from 5 to 30 participants in the qualitative studies reviewed. For study settings, in quantitative and mixed-method studies, 10 studies took place nationally, 24,41,[47][48][49][50][51]53,63,64 19 in the urban areas, 20,21,23,[31][32][33][36][37][38]40,42,[44][45][46]52,54,55,58,76 16 in rural areas, 22,[25][26][27][28][29]34,39,43,56,57,[59][60][61][62]75 and two studies in multiple settings. 30,35 For quantitative studies, four of them were conducted in urban settings, …”

“…In the quantitative and mixed-method studies, body weight management (29 studies 20,24,25,29,30,33,36,[39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50]52,53,[56][57][58][59][60][61][62]64 ) and physical exercise (22 studies 21,22,24,[30][31][32][33]35,38,[40][41][42][43]45,47,52,53,56,57,60,61,75 ) were the most reported, whereas in the qualitative studies, medication adherence and diet intake was the most reported se...…”