Recovery of mineral fertiliser N and slurry N in continuous silage maize using the 15N and difference methods

Nannen, D. U.; Herrmann, A.; Loges, Ralf; Dittert, Klaus; Taube, F.

doi:10.1007/s10705-010-9392-2

Cited by 24 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The highest values of RE N were calculated in the N120 treatment and they were decreasing with higher amount of N applied, which corresponds with the lower use of the applied N. The average values of RE N in those treatments were calculated from 41 to 57% (Figure 3b). The calculated values correspond with the results of Nannen et al (2011), who stated the range from 51 to 61%. The values of physiological efficiency of applied N (PE N ) correspond with the mentioned results.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…In spite of the fact that with the increasing amount of N its uptake was rising, in N180 and N240 treatments the uptake of nitrogen was estimated lower compared with the amount of N, which was at the beginning of the growing season applied in fertilizer. Similar values of N uptake were also estimated in other experiments with the silage maize (Wachendorf et al 2006, Nannen et al 2011. Total requirements of nitrogen fertilizer for the production of silage maize are approximately 150-200 kg N/ha.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Some authors mention higher differences in the yield of the dry matter of the silage maize between the fertilized and with N unfertilized treatments. Carpici et al (2010) state higher yield of 51% by the amount of 200 kg N/ha, Nannen et al (2011) of 101% by the amount of 150 kg N/ha compared with the control. The decisive effect can have the soil conditions, first of all potentiality of mineralization of the soil.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is no common standard for the calculation of N efficiency at the field scale. Efficiency of fertilizer N and sewage sludge N were calculated according to the difference method (Cassman et al 2002, Dobermann 2007, Nannen et al 2011) considering the DM yield and N uptake by the maize: (1) Nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUE, kg/kg) as the ratio between yield and total N uptake. NUE = Y/U (kg yield per kg N uptake); (2) Agronomic efficiency of applied N (AE N , kg/ kg) as the ratio of (yield at N x -yield at N 0 ) Where: Y -crop yield (kg/ha); U -total plant N uptake in the aboveground biomass at maturity (kg/ha); N x -amount of N applied at plot that received N (kg/ha); N 0 , 0 -control treatment with no N. The terminology of N efficiency parameters is in accordance with Dobermann (2007).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of mineral N fertiliser and sewage sludge on yield and nitrogen efficiency of silage maize

Cerny¹,

Balík²,

Kulhánek³

et al. 2012

Plant Soil Environ.

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A field experiment was conducted on a chernozem soil to estimate fertiliser N efficiency of silage maize (Zea mays L.) by the difference method as influenced by the type of N fertiliser (mineral-MF vs. sewage sludge-SS), and N rate. Eight N treatments were included (0, 60, 120, 180, and 240 kg N/ha prior to maize sowing, 60 kg N/ha at planting in MF; 120, and 240 kg N/ha in SS. The average dry mater (DM) yields were 11.2-14.8 t/ha. Average nitrogen uptakes were 88-185 kg N/ha, when the average N contents in DM were 0.8-1.25%. Nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUE) was a relatively stable value for treatments with MF. The best use of nitrogen from MF was reached by 60 and 120 kg/ha N doses. The average values of recovery efficiency of applied N (RE N ) were calculated as 41-57%. The use of SS increased the yield of silage maize by 19-25% compared to control, above all first and second year after their application. Mineral-fertilizer-N equivalents (MFE) for SS were calculated as 55 and 64%.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The effect of mineral N fertiliser and sewage sludge on yield and nitrogen efficiency of silage maize

Cerny¹,

Balík²,

Kulhánek³

et al. 2012

Plant Soil Environ.

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“…Furthermore, fertilizer N uptake may have been enhanced, either because turf was growing in sand culture with little native N present, which would minimize root N uptake (Bowman and Paul, 1989, 1990, or because FNUE was estimated by the difference method (Wesely et al, 1985(Wesely et al, , 1988, which tends to give higher values than direct measurements using 15 N (e.g., Paul, 1989, 1992;Torbert et al, 1992;Schindler and Knighton, 1999;Stiegler, 2010;Nannen et al, 2011). The high humidity in the controlled environment studies would lead to extended spray droplet drying times and greater fertilizer uptake.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Affecting Foliar Nitrogen Uptake by Creeping Bentgrass

Henning

Mulvaney

Branham³

2013

Crop Science

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F oliar N fertilization is an increasingly common practice in the turfgrass industry. This trend is due to ease of application of foliar N fertilizers, their compatibility with other commonly applied turf care products, and the ability to uniformly apply low doses (<2 g m -2 ) of N to high-value areas of turf.Tracer and nontracer techniques have been used to estimate fertilizer N absorption by turfgrass leaves. The tracer approach uses the stable isotope, 15 N, to directly quantify plant uptake of labeled fertilizer N. The nontracer, or indirect, alternatives include the difference method and a washing technique. The difference method compares plant N concentration with and without fertilization and ascribes any increase for the fertilized treatment to fertilizer N uptake. The washing technique quantifies N uptake as the difference between the amount of fertilizer applied and the amount recovered in a foliar rinse.Indirect methods have been used in several studies to quantify foliar N uptake by turf. The earliest of these was reported by Wesely et al. (1985) for five cool-season turfgrasses maintained in a growth chamber. Their results, using the difference method, showed 31 to 61% uptake in the first 72 h after application, depending on species and cultivar. In a subsequent field study, Wesely et al. (1988) found 49 to 59% uptake by the difference method following repeated ABSTRACT Turfgrass managers frequently apply N as a foliar spray when low application rates are desired. This practice is believed to promote foliar N uptake that benefits turf; however, very little information is available concerning the quantity of N absorbed by turfgrass foliage or the effect of various spray parameters on foliar N uptake under field conditions. This research was conducted to evaluate fertilizer N uptake efficiency of foliarly applied 15 N to creeping bentgrass [Agrostis stolonifera var. L. palustris (Huds.) Farw. 'pennlinks'] under field conditions. The effects of spray volume, N carrier, adjuvant addition, and tank mixing with commonly applied turf care products (e.g. chlorothalonil) on foliar N uptake were conducted to evaluate foliar uptake of fertilizer 15 N by creeping bentgrass. From 6 to 34% of foliar-applied N was taken up mostly within 2 h and completely by 4 to 6 h after fertilizer application. Uptake efficiency increased significantly when spray volume was decreased but was unaffected by N carrier, adjuvant addition, or tank mixing.

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Organic matter returns to soils must be higher under organic compared to conventional farming

Leithold

Hülsbergen

Brock

2014

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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The aim of this paper is to discuss the demand of fresh organic matter (FOM) supply to maintain soil organic matter (SOM) levels and productivity of arable soils under organic management. The basic question is whether the different frame conditions in organic vs. conventional farming result in a different and system‐specific FOM demand. If this is the case, it would follow that the farming system has to be considered in the calculation of SOM balances. SOM balances are the most common decision support tools in organic matter management. A conversion to organic farming in practice usually leads to an increase of SOM levels as well as soil microbial activity over time. The system‐specific driver of this effect is the indispensable extension of the share of (perennial) legumes in crop rotations at the expense of non‐legumes such as cereals, row crops, and maize. Extended legume cropping is essential for N supply in crop rotations as the import of N fertilizer in total is limited by organic farming regulations and mineral N fertilizer may not be used at all. Based on this characteristic of organic management, we argue that the demand of FOM supply to soils must be higher than in conventional crop production. The most relevant factors are (1) the non‐existence of mineral N fertilizer as an external N source that supports the maintenance of SOM by decreasing the demand for SOM‐N, (2) benefits of increasing SOM stocks and turnover for soil productivity under organic management, and, (3) increased mass‐losses of FOM and easily degradable SOM compartments due to higher microbial activity in soils. These effects have to be quantified and must be considered in SOM balances in order to avoid misleading assessments and erroneous decisions.

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Recovery of mineral fertiliser N and slurry N in continuous silage maize using the 15N and difference methods

Cited by 24 publications

References 54 publications

The effect of mineral N fertiliser and sewage sludge on yield and nitrogen efficiency of silage maize

The effect of mineral N fertiliser and sewage sludge on yield and nitrogen efficiency of silage maize

Factors Affecting Foliar Nitrogen Uptake by Creeping Bentgrass

Organic matter returns to soils must be higher under organic compared to conventional farming

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