Rapid measurement of transaminase activities using an amperometric l-glutamate-sensing electrode based on a glutamate oxidase–polyion complex-bilayer membrane

Preparation of a Cellulose-based Enzyme Membrane Using Ionic Liquid to Lengthen the Duration of Enzyme Stability

“…[28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] The effect the electrochemical interferants, such as L-ascorbate and acetoaminophene, on the response is a typical problem.…”

“…We have reported that polyion complex membranes have small pore sizes, and the enzymes are stably entrapped in these membranes. [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] Polyion complex membranes swell when stored in aqueous solution for a long time. Moreover, large substrates, such as glucose and fructose, cannot penetrate these membranes; [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] hence, it is preferable to have enzyme membranes with pore sizes larger than that of polyion complex membranes.…”

Polyelectrolyte Complex Membranes for Immobilizing Biomolecules, and Their Applications to Bio-analysis

“…Because a certain amount of polycation (or polyanion) molecules are presented on the surface of the PIC membranes, another biomolecule can be bound by a cross-linking reaction between the biomolecule and the functional residue of the polymer. [38][39][40][41][42][43] The assembly methods for LBL and PIC membranes are quite easy, and the membranes readily lend themselves to applications in the immobilization method of biomolecules.…”

“…Applying LBL 51 and PIC 9,10,36 membranes to the bio-sensing systems obviates this problem by decreasing the interfering current, and thereby lowering the detection limit of analytes by improving the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N). On this basis, we have developed biosensors for glucose, 9,45,52 ethanol, 53 L-lactate, 36,44,54 L-glutamate, 55,56 pyruvate, 57 NADH (reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide), 58 acetylcholine, 59 L-amino acids, 60 and D-amino acids 61 by immobilizing the respective oxidases on PIC membranes.…”

The design, development and application of electrochemical glutamate biosensors

“…An interesting entrapment approach employing polymers to encapsulate GluOx onto a gold electrode has been reported [14]. The first step involved the immersion of a gold disc electrode in …”