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Yudanova, T. N.; Skokova, I. F.; Aleshina, E. Yu.; Гальбрайх, Л. С.

doi:10.1023/a:1019221428888

Fibre Chemistry

2001

DOI: 10.1023/a:1019221428888

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T. N. Yudanova

I. F. Skokova

E. Yu. Aleshina

et al.

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Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Their transparency allows the course of the wound-healing process to be observed and monitored regularly without contact. Moreover, drugs can be incorporated into them [17][18][19].…”

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confidence: 99%

Modified polymeric materials, some fundamental and applied aspects

et al. 2011

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Results of theoretical and applied studies on the modification of fibrous and film materials that were performed in the Department of Chemical Fiber and Nanomaterial Technology during recent years were presented.Controlled regulation of the properties of complex polymeric systems using various methods to modify them during the synthesis of the fiber-forming polymers and the production of shaped composites and to change the functional composition and structure of the formed fibers and materials based on them occupied an important place in the wide ranging scientific interests of Kirill Evgen'evich Pererpelkin that encompassed problems of the theory and technology of chemical fiber formation processes and the structures and properties of composites. The present article reviews results of research in this area that was carried out in the Department of Chemical Fibers and Nanomaterials of A. N. Kosygin Moscow State Textile University and is dedicated to the memory and honor of K. E. Perepelkin, our colleague and friend.Many effective methods for making controlled changes in the structures and properties of polymers are based on their chemical modification. Studying trends in chemical reactions and the influence of subtle structural features of macromolecules and the supramolecular structure on the physical and physicochemical properties of polymeric systems is one of the most important problems of polymer chemistry. Its solution not only enables the development and deepening of fundamental knowledge but also acts as a basis for elaborating methods and technical processes for producing new high-efficiency polymers.Graft polymerization of ionizable and non-ionizable monomers containing reactive functional groups and their subsequent chemical transformations occupy a special place in the study of polymeric systems. These types of reactions can produce modified fibers with a broad spectrum of properties and good retention of the physicomechanical properties owing to the high strength of the industrial samples, i.e., fiber precursors, and the high technology of the process.Special attention in the evolution of this area was paid to the development of effective redox systems (RSs) that provide a high degree of conversion and efficiency of graft polymerization. A series of RSs that could carry out graft polymerization of ionizable monomers with 70-90% conversion and grafting efficiency 90-95% and of non-ionizable ones, up to 98 and 100%, respectively, was proposed [1]. The addition of small quantities of nano-sized RS components, i.e., redox-active metal ions, could accelerate substantially the formation of the macroradicals.Several process features were identified during a study of graft polymerization to polymers oriented at the interface of solid and liquid phases. The structural and physical properties (orientation and degree of crystallinity) and the dynamics of the polymer molecule as a solid body were observed to have an influence on the kinetics of radical graft polymerization. Concepts about the role of the gel eff...

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“…Their transparency allows the course of the wound-healing process to be observed and monitored regularly without contact. Moreover, drugs can be incorporated into them [17][18][19].…”

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confidence: 99%

Modified polymeric materials, some fundamental and applied aspects

et al. 2011

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“…The possibility of using polyhexamethyleneguanidine (PHMG) for the one-stage method of fabricating materials with biologically active or combined properties has been demonstrated in many publications [8][9][10]. The antimicrobial polymer was fixed in the matrix by crosslinking with glutaraldehyde with formation of covalent bonds, which allowed obtaining materials resistant to wet treatments in different conditions.…”

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Study of the possibility of obtaining viscose fibre with biologically active properties by a continuous method

2007

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The effect of the composition of the polymer composite (type of polyhexamethyleneguanidine (PHMG) salt, content of components) on the structure of the composite formed and level of desorption of the biologically active substance (BAS) was established as a result of studying the kinetics of desorption of BAS from viscose fibres containing PHMG salt and polyalkylene oxide. The possibility of obtaining viscose fibres containing a biologically active substance of the polymer type with a continuous process scheme was demonstrated.Developments aimed at giving fibre materials biological properties have now been extremely intensified, and this concerns not only medical materials but also so-called hygienic textiles. However, the prolonged use of such items for daily wear can have negative consequences, since the low selectivity of the antimicrobials kills all microflora on the skin, which, despite expectations, not only does not reduce the probability of disease, but also negatively affects the immune reactivity of the human body. At the same time, the necessity of developing process methods for manufacturing new types of biologically active fibre materials is obvious due to the demand for them in different sectors (medical articles, filters, etc.).Fibre materials with biological activity resistant to laundering are usually manufactured by chemical addition of the active component to the fibre matrix, conducting the process in one or two stages. In the first case, simultaneous treatment with the biologically active substance (BAS) and modifying reagent is conducted, while in the second case, the matrix is modified first, and then the BAS is added [1]. The drawbacks of both methods include incorporation of the modifier in the matrix, which increases the toxicity of the material in some cases, and can also change the physicomechanical properties of the fibre material, which can be reflected in its consumer properties (feel, color).Methods based on including BAS in the structure of the fibre during spinning or subsequent finishing have been examined in recent years as a promising method of obtaining large-tonnage chemical fibres with biologically active properties [2]. To incorporate the biologically active substance in the spinning solution, it must satisfy a number of requirements related to the spinning conditions, and this limits the list of BAS that can be used [2]. For this reason, the second method is preferred.Of the antimicrobials that can be used to give fibres special properties, biologically active polymers are of great interest. Use of a biopolymer chitosan to give fibre materials biological stability by impregnation and precipitation [3,4] or by adding to a bifunctional compound [4] is well known. However, the poor solubility of chitosan, high viscosity of the solutions, increased rigidity of the materials, and the narrow spectrum of the bacteriostatic action do not allow considering it an effective BAS. Restricted use (not in sufficient doses) for radiation sterilization the most suitable method for this type...

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“…In some cases (alginate, PHMGHC), they cause the formation of IPC without phase separation and in others (PHMGP), an insoluble IPC is formed. The activity and stability of the enzyme simultaneously change indexes in which the change is not only a function of the type of polymeric counterion but also its molecular weight and the enzyme/antimicrobial (AM) ratio [13][14][15][16].…”

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Modified Fibre and Film Materials

Гальбрайх

2005

Fibre Chem

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Some results of studies on modification of polymers and polymeric materials conducted in the Department of Chemical Fibre Technology at Moscow State Textile University are examined. The promise of using the developed methods for creating materials for special applications is demonstrated: fire-retardant, chemisorption, antiadhesive, for medicine.Chemical modification is one of the most efficient methods of deliberately altering the structure, composition, and properties of fibre and film materials. Investigating the characteristics of the chemical reactions and structural mechanisms that occur in polymer systems will allow developing principles and methods for manufacturing processes for fabrication of new high-efficiency polymeric materials.Graft polymerization reactions, which alone alter the properties of polymeric materials in a direction which is a function of the type of graft monomer, occupy a special place in such systems. In particular, the results obtained in graft polymerization of such monomers as acrylonitrile, styrene, methylvinylpyridine, dimethylamino-and hydroxyethyl methacrylate, etc., are well known. At the same time, the possibilities of using reactions of this type are not limited to the direct use of graft copolymers. They have been expanded significantly due to implementation of chemical transformations of functional groups in graft chains.As the studies have shown, the approach based on graft polymerization of nonionogenic monomers containing reactive functional groups and the subsequent chemical transformations in reacting with reagents containing ionogenic groups is of great interest for solving the problem of fabricating fibre chemisorbents. A combination of small elementary fibre cross sections with localization of ionogenic groups in the surface layers, which ensure a high rate of sorption processes, is primary for materials of this type.The studies in [1-4] concerned chemical transformations of graft copolymers, where such polymers as polycaproamide, polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose, and glycidyl methacrylate modified by graft polymerization played the role of the matrix polymer. The presence of reactive oxirane (epoxide) groups in polyglycidyl methacrylate (PGMA) graft chains was grounds for using nitrogen-containing compounds of different structure (hydroxyethylamine, hydrazine and its derivatives, and many acid hydrazides) as nucleophilic reagents.The results of the studies showed that the reactivity of nitrogen-containing nucleophilic reagents is determined by many factors. They include: the diffusion characteristics of the process related to a change in the degree of swelling of the graft component and in some cases also the polymer matrix; such a change increases the diffusion coefficient of the reagent by almost a decimal order of magnitude in substitution of the solvent type (substitution of water by dimethylsulfoxide in the reaction with hydrazine hydrate); the initial reaction rate changes similarly; the change in the nucleophilicity of the reagents as a result of their reactio...

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Cited by 6 publications

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Modified polymeric materials, some fundamental and applied aspects

Modified polymeric materials, some fundamental and applied aspects

Study of the possibility of obtaining viscose fibre with biologically active properties by a continuous method

Modified Fibre and Film Materials

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