Quinone outside inhibitor-resistant Colletotrichum nymphaeae isolates from strawberry lack mutations in cytb gene

Chechi, Amanda; Ivey, Melanie L. Lewis; Kaufman, Rachel R.; Bryson, Karen; Schnabel, Guido

doi:10.1007/s42161-020-00565-8

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 17 publications

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“…In addition, other terms such as innate or natural resistance and epigenetic resistance are used to describe certain fungal species that are insensitive to a given fungicide and transient resistance mediated by gene regulation, respectively [9,10]. However, some of these alternative mechanisms of resistance have not been well studied, although field-resistant isolates that lacked mutations or had similar expression levels of target sites compared to sensitive isolates have been reported across pathosystems [9,[11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Target Site Mechanisms of Fungicide Resistance in Crop Pathogens: A Review

Chen

2021

Microorganisms

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The rapid emergence of resistance in plant pathogens to the limited number of chemical classes of fungicides challenges sustainability and profitability of crop production worldwide. Understanding mechanisms underlying fungicide resistance facilitates monitoring of resistant populations at large-scale, and can guide and accelerate the development of novel fungicides. A majority of modern fungicides act to disrupt a biochemical function via binding a specific target protein in the pathway. While target-site based mechanisms such as alternation and overexpression of target genes have been commonly found to confer resistance across many fungal species, it is not uncommon to encounter resistant phenotypes without altered or overexpressed target sites. However, such non-target site mechanisms are relatively understudied, due in part to the complexity of the fungal genome network. This type of resistance can oftentimes be transient and noninheritable, further hindering research efforts. In this review, we focused on crop pathogens and summarized reported mechanisms of resistance that are otherwise related to target-sites, including increased activity of efflux pumps, metabolic circumvention, detoxification, standing genetic variations, regulation of stress response pathways, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) or mutations. In addition, novel mechanisms of drug resistance recently characterized in human pathogens are reviewed in the context of nontarget-directed resistance.

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