Quantitative Determination of Trucking Industry Workers’ Exposures to Diesel Exhaust Particles

Zaebst, D.D.; Clapp, D.E.; Blade, L.M.; Marlow, D.A.; Steenland, K.; Hornung, R.W.; Scheutzle, D.; Butler, J.

doi:10.1202/0002-8894(1991)052<0529:qdotiw>2.0.co;2

Cited by 35 publications

(54 citation statements)

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“…Higher EC concentrations were observed during winter months, which reportedly was the case for other pollutants (e.g., CO and Pb) emitted by motor vehicles. In other U.S. cities, mean background concentrations measured at eight different sites were 3.4 pg/m3 (n = 21, SE = 0.5) and 1.4 pg/m3 (n = 23, SE = 0.2) near major highways and in residential areas, respectively (Zaebst et al, 1991). In contrast to the EC levels found in urban areas, environmental levels of EC (or "soot carbon") found in nonindustrialized locations (e.g., Ivory Coast, Congo, costal Corsica) seldom exceeded 1 pg/m3 (Cachier et al, 1989).…”

Section: Submicrometer Particulate or Ec?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this reason, carbon analysis methods have been used for environmental measurements and for monitoring exposure to diesel aerosol in general (i.e., nonmining) industry. In a study of the trucking industry (Zaebst et al, 1991), an overall mean EC exposure of about 14 pg/m3 was found. Mean EC exposures ranged from about 2-44 pg/m3 and were highest for mechanics and dock workers.…”

Section: Occupational Exposure Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Elemental Carbon-Based Method for Monitoring Occupational Exposures to Particulate Diesel Exhaust

Birch

Cary

1996

Aerosol Science and Technology

1,681

916

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ABSTRACT. Diesel exhaust has been classified a probable human carcinogen, and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has recommended that employers reduce workers' exposures. Because diesel exhaust is a chemically complex mixture containing thousands of compounds, some measure of exposure must be selected. Previously used methods involving gravimetry or anaiysis of the soluble organic fraction of diesel soot lack adequate sensitivity and selectivity for low-level determination of particulate diesel exhaust; a new analytical approach was therefore needed. In this paper, results of investigation of a thermaloptical technique for analysis of the carbonaceous fraction of particulate diesel exhaust are reported. With this technique, speciation of organic and elemental carbon is accomplished through temperature and atmosphere control, and by an optical feature that corrects for pyrolytically generated carbon, or "char," which is formed during the analysis of some materials. The thermal-optical method was selected because the instrument has desirable design features not present in other carbon analyzers. Although various carbon types are determined, elemental carbon is the superior marker of diesel particulate matter because elemental carbon constitutes a large fraction of the particulate mass, it can be quantified at low levels, and its only significant source in most workplaces is the diesel engine. Exposurerelated issues and results of investigation of various sampling methods for particulate diesel exhaust also are discussed. AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 25:221-241 (1996).

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Section: Submicrometer Particulate or Ec?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Occupational Exposure Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elemental Carbon-Based Method for Monitoring Occupational Exposures to Particulate Diesel Exhaust

Birch

Cary

1996

Aerosol Science and Technology

1,681

916

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Na literatura internacional, pode-se visualizar alguns estudos com trabalhadores portuários 10,11,12,13,14,15,16 . Já na literatura brasileira, verificou-se um trabalho recente 17 o qual se deteve nos riscos e agravos à saúde dos estivadores.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Percepção dos trabalhadores avulsos sobre os riscos ocupacionais no porto do Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

et al. 2008

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“…Only a few epidemiological studies have included efforts to measure exposure Zaebst et al, 1991). For future occupational health studies, it is becoming increasingly important to incorporate estimates of the diesel exposure in order to better assess the impact of diesel emissions (Stayner et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracking personal exposure to particulate diesel exhaust in a diesel freight terminal using organic tracer analysis

Sheesley

Schauer

Garshick

et al. 2008

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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Personal exposure to particle-phase molecular markers was measured at a trucking terminal in St Louis, MO, as part of a larger epidemiologic project aimed at assessing carbonaceous fine particulate matter (PM) exposure in this occupational setting. The integration of parallel personal exposure, ambient worksite area and ambient urban background (St Louis Supersite) measurements provided a unique opportunity to track the work-related exposure to carbonaceous fine PM in a freight terminal. The data were used to test the proposed personal exposure model in this occupational setting:Personal exposure ¼ urban background þ work site background þ personal activityTo accurately assess the impact of PM emission sources, particularly motor vehicle exhaust, and organic elemental carbon (OCEC) analysis and nonpolar organic molecular marker analysis by thermal desorption-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (TD-GCMS) were conducted on all of the PM samples. EC has been used as a tracer for diesel exhaust in urban areas, however, the emission profile for diesel exhaust is dependent upon the operating conditions of the vehicle and can vary considerably within a fleet. Hopanes, steranes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and alkanes were measured by TD-GCMS. Hopanes are source-specific organic molecular markers for lubricating oil present in motor vehicle exhaust. The concentrations of OC, EC and the organic tracers were averaged to obtain average profiles to assess differences in the personal, worksite area and urban background samples, and were also correlated individually by sample time to evaluate the exposure model presented above. Finally, a chemical mass balance model was used to apportion the motor vehicle and cigarette-smoke components of the measured OC and EC for the average personal exposure, worksite area and urban background samples.

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Quantitative Determination of Trucking Industry Workers’ Exposures to Diesel Exhaust Particles

Cited by 35 publications

References 0 publications

Elemental Carbon-Based Method for Monitoring Occupational Exposures to Particulate Diesel Exhaust

Elemental Carbon-Based Method for Monitoring Occupational Exposures to Particulate Diesel Exhaust

Percepção dos trabalhadores avulsos sobre os riscos ocupacionais no porto do Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

Tracking personal exposure to particulate diesel exhaust in a diesel freight terminal using organic tracer analysis

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