Qualidade físico-química e química de frutos de clones de aceroleira recobertos com filme de PVC e conservados por refrigeração

Abstract

ResumoEste trabalho objetivou avaliar as mudanças físicas, físico-químicas e químicas em frutos de clones de aceroleira recobertos com filme de PVC e conservados sob refrigeração. Os clones 235 (Apodi), BRS 236 (Cereja), BRS 237 (Roxinha), BRS 238 (Frutacor), II 47/1 e BRS 152 (Sertaneja) foram colhidos no estádio de maturação comercial. Os frutos foram lavados em água clorada, embalados em bandejas de poliestireno expandido cobertos com filme PVC e armazenados (10ºC) durante 12 dias, com retiradas de amostras no início do experimento e a cada três dias. Foram avaliados: coloração, sólidos solúveis totais, acidez titulável, relação sólidos solúveis totais:acidez titulável, pH, açúcares solúveis totais, vitamina C, antocianinas, perda de massa, firmeza e carotenóides. O experimento foi realizado em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial (clones x tempo), com 3 repetições (bandejas com 100g de frutos). Dentre os clones estudados, o II47/1 se destacou pela relativa estabilidade da cor, ângulo hue e teor de antocianinas, sendo mais atrativo para o consumidor na hora da compra. Entretanto os clones Roxinha e Sertaneja apresentaram relação sólidos solúveis totais:acidez titulável superior aos demais no final do experimento, característica interessante para o sabor. Palavras-chave: Acerola, Malpighia emarginata D.C, vitamina C, carotenóides, antocianinas, firmeza AbstractThis work aimed to evaluate the physical, physicochemical and chemical changes in fruits of clones of acerola coated with PVC film and conserved under refrigeration. The clones BRS 235 (Apodi), BRS 236 (Cereja), BRS 237 (Roxinha), BRS 238 (Frutacor), II 47/1 and BRS 152 (Sertaneja) had been harvested in the stage of commercial maturation. The fruits had been washed in chlorinated water, packed in expanded polystyrene trays, covered with film PVC and stored (10ºC) during 12 days, with withdrawals of samples at the beginning of the experiment and to each three days. They had been evaluated: coloration, soluble solids, titratable acidity, soluble solids:titratable acidity relation, pH, soluble sugars, vitamin C, anthocyanins, weight lost, firmness and carotenoids. The experiment was carried through in experimental delineation completely randomized in factorial design (clones x time), with 3 repetitions (trays with 100g of fruits). Between the clones studied the II47/1 if it detached for the relative stability of the color, angle hue, and of anthocyanins, being more attractive for the consumer in the time of the purchase. However the clones Roxinha and Sertaneja had presented superior soluble solids:titratable acidity between the others in the end of the experiment, interesting characteristic for the flavor.

Fruit quality of west indian cherry irrigated with saline waters under combinations of nitrogen/potassium fertilization

“…The mean values of the carotenoids and anthocyanin contents were 30.78 µg g -1 and 33.55 mg 100g -1 , respectively (Table 3), being up to 1.30 µg g -1 and 7.62 mg 100g -1 higher than the values found in post-harvest fruits of the West Indian cherry cultivar Flor Branca (MOURA et al, 2007) due to the fruit storage time in the present study, which even under frozen conditions tended to slowly continue with the maturation process, increasing the values of these pigments, a phenomenon also observed by Araújo et al (2009).…”

“…The result of the present study reveals the high acidity characteristic of this fruit, in which the value must be greater than 0.8% of citric acid (BRASIL, 2000). The maintenance of high values of citric acid in the West Indian cherry fruits is of great importance for its quality, since citric acid acts as an antioxidant and in maintaining the pH of the fruit (ARAÚJO et al, 2009). For the concentration of total soluble solids, it is observed that the mean value was 8.7 °Brix, greater than the 5.90 °Brix found by Moura et al (2007) in the cultivar Flor Branca.…”

“…West Indian cherry (Malpighia emarginata D. C.) is considered as one of the most interesting fruits in the Brazilian Northeast region, due to its physico-chemical characteristics and its bioactive compounds for pharmacological and alimentary use (FACHI et al, 2016), standing out for its elevated contents of vitamin C and other compounds with antioxidant properties, such as carotenoids, anthocyanin and phenolics, placing this species in a prominent position among the fruit species cultivated in the region (ARAÚJO et al, 2009). It is worth noting that the quality parameters of the West Indian cherry, such as the vitamin C content, color, weight, size, total soluble solids and pulp pH are affected by the genetic variability of the orchard and may also be influenced by several other factors, such as pluvial precipitation, temperature elevation, fertilization management, irrigation and salinity (FACHI et al, 2016).…”

Quality of different tropical fruit cultivars produced in the Lower Basin of the São Francisco Valley1

“…Araújo et al (2009), working with the acerola clones Apodi, Cereja, Frutacor, II 47/1, Roxinha and Sertaneja, observed average values of 4. 78, 4.50, 3.80, 4.05, 4.58 and 3.97 N respectively. Fruit colouration is a quality attribute which is important in marketing, being recognised as a factor for attracting the consumer.…”

Maturity stage at harvest and storage temperature to maintain postharvest quality of acerola fruit

“…Susceptibility to chilling injury is highly dependent on genotype, and previous studies have shown that fruit of the same species, but different genotypes, may have different ideal storage temperatures (Crisosto et al, 1999). Indeed, ideal storage temperatures for acerolas have been suggested to range from 5 °C to 15 °C, depending on genotype and environmental growing conditions (Maciel et al, 2004;Araújo et al, 2009).…”