Pyrolysis temperature influences the characteristics of rice straw and husk biochar and sorption/desorption behaviour of their biourea composite

Singh, Sobaran; Chaturvedi, Sumit; Dhyani, Vaibhav; Govindaraju, K.

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123674

Cited by 51 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The C/N ratio of RS-BC was obtained lower; however, it was found higher in WB-BC as compared to feedstock, as given in Table 1. The reduced H, N and O depicting the hydrophobicity might be due to the loss of volatile organics during heat treatment in line with the findings reported by Rafiq et al [32] and Singh et al [13]. Note: ECe-electrical conductivity of biochar extract, CEC-cation exchange capacity, BD-bulk density, Na-sodium, K-potassium, Ca-calcium, Mg-magnesium, N-nitrogen, P-phosphorus, Cu-copper, Zn-zinc, Mn-manganese.…”

Section: Characterization Of Feedstocks and Derived Biocharssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Instead, agglomeration of dense constituents represented its bulky structure at high magnification of 2500x (B). Rice straw biochar showed a smooth, porous and tubular structure, which reinforces that it can hold more nutrients [13]. Animal bones under high thermal treatment of 600 lessened the bulk porosity of obtained bone char.…”

Section: Sem Edx and Ftir Analysismentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Many articles have been published so far regarding rice straw-derived biochar production along with its characterization and sorption response [13] for climate change mitigation, remediation of pollutants, restriction and degradation of contaminants [14]. Previously, animal bone char has been used as an organic fertilizer due to having an excessive amount of Ca and P [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potential Application of Biochar Composite Derived from Rice Straw and Animal Bones to Improve Plant Growth

et al. 2021

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The current study is aimed at deriving biochar (BC) from rice straw (RS-BC) and waste bones (WB-BC), being wasted without adequate return at the expense of environmental degradation. The RS and WB feedstocks were pyrolyzed at 550 oC, and the potential of derived biochar as a slow nutrient releasing soil amendment was examined during the growth of ridge gourd. Proximate analysis of the prepared biochars showed significant improvement in ash content and fixed carbon as compared to their raw biomasses. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis of RS-BC and WB-BC displayed a diverse range of functional groups viz. derivatives of cellulose and hydroxylapatite (HA); macro and microporosity; multiple nutrients. Application of RS-BC and WB-BC in potted soil alone and as biochar composite (RS-BC+WB-BC) at 5, 10 and 15% (w/w) and chemical fertilizer (CF) resulted in a significant increase in soil pH, electrical conductivity (ECe), cation exchange capacity (CEC) and water holding capacity (WHC) in exchange for growth and yield of ridge gourd. However, there were insignificant differences in the growth of plants in response to RS-BC, WB-BC alone and CF with biochar composite at 15% amendment. For giving insignificantly different growth results than CF, the prepared biochar composite showed outstanding potential as an organic fertilizer applicable in agrarian soils to elevate soil properties and yield of agricultural commodities.

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Section: Characterization Of Feedstocks and Derived Biocharssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Sem Edx and Ftir Analysismentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potential Application of Biochar Composite Derived from Rice Straw and Animal Bones to Improve Plant Growth

et al. 2021

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“…Fig. 7 The atomic ratios of various biomass feedstocks, bio-oils, and petroleum products [173][174][175][176][177] Similarly, major exergy destruction occurs in the reactor and heat exchangers [83]. Therefore, the economic performances of SCWG and HTL processes can be improved through the optimization of process conditions associated with these costs versus revenues from the products.…”

Section: Techno-economic Feasibility Versus Process Conditions and Configurationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of operational issues in hydrothermal liquefaction and supercritical water gasification processes: a review

Ghavami

Özdenkçi

Salierno

et al. 2021

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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Biomass is often referred to as a carbon–neutral energy source, and it has a role in reducing fossil fuel depletion. In addition, biomass can be converted efficiently into various forms of biofuels. The biomass conversion processes involve several thermochemical, biochemical, and hydrothermal methods for biomass treatment integration. The most common conversion routes to produce biofuels include pyrolysis and gasification processes. On the other hand, supercritical water gasification (SCWG) and hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) are best suitable for converting biomass and waste with high moisture content. Despite promising efficiencies, SCWG and HTL processes introduce operational issues as obstacles to the industrialization of these technologies. The issues include process safety aspects due to operation conditions, plugging due to solid deposition, corrosion, pumpability of feedstock, catalyst sintering and deactivation, and high production costs. The methods to address these issues include various reactor configurations to avoid plugging and optimizing process conditions to minimize other issues. However, there are only a few studies investigating the operational issues as the main scope, and reviews are seldomly available in this regard. Therefore, further research is required to address operational problems. This study reviews the main operational problems in SCWG and HTL. The objective of this study is to enhance the industrialization of these processes by investigating the operational issues and the potential solutions, i.e., contributing to the elimination of the obstacles. A comprehensive study on the operational issues provides a holistic overview of the biomass conversion technologies and biorefinery concepts to promote the industrialization of SCWG and HTL.

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“…The authors have studied the nature of sorption/desorption of biourea by biochar obtained from rice husk and straw at different pyrolysis temperatures (300, 450, 600°C), it has been found that the maximum adsorption of urea has been shown by biochar from rice straw and husk obtained at a pyrolysis temperature of 450°C, and these composites have the potential to enhance agricultural yield through the efficient use of nitrogen. Also, the authors estimates that a single introduction of this biochar into the soil makes it possible to use this soil without adding biochar for 500-750 years [20]. The paper presents a comparative analysis of the effect of biochar obtained from sasanqua camellia seed shells and rice straw on the N 2 O emission of nitrogen fertilized rice lands and their water-retaining capacity.…”

Section: Issn 2224-5286mentioning

confidence: 99%

Obtaining Biochar From Rice Husk and Straw

Аппазов

Bazarbayev

Assylbekkyzy

et al. 2021

Series Chemistry and Technology

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This paper presents the results of research on obtaining biochar from agricultural plant waste such as rice husk and straw. The selection of the optimal conditions for thermolysis, such as the duration and temperature of the process, has been conducted. The thermolysis products are characterized for iodine adsorption activity, cumulative water pore volume, and for bulk density. The porous structure of the obtained products has been studied by scanning electron microscopy. Based on the results of the research conducted, it has been found that biochars obtained from husk and straw with a thermolysis duration of 30 minutes have low iodine sorption characteristics and water pore volumes. With an increase in the duration of thermolysis, the sorption characteristics improve, the optimal for the husk is the thermolysis duration of 60 minutes at a temperature of 500°C, and for straw, the optimal thermolysis duration is 60 minutes at a temperature of 300°C. The best option is biochar obtained from rice straw at a duration of 60 minutes and a thermolysis temperature of 300°C, having an iodine adsorption activity of 54.61%, a cumulative water pore volume of 0.941 cm3/g and a bulk density of 169.29 g/dm3. The obtained biochars from rice husk and straw have been studied by scanning electron microscopy at 4300 and 5000 times magnification, and they have a developed porous structure. According to the literature, it is known that biochar can also be used as a renewable energy source. Research has been carried out to determine the calorific value of the obtained biochars. To compare the calorific value of rice husk, straw and the obtained biochars, their heating values have been determined on a calorimeter. The highest heating value has a biochar obtained from husk at a duration of 60 minutes and at a thermolysis temperature of 400°C with a value of 17.520 kJ/g, the optimal for biochar obtained from straw is a duration of 60 minutes and a thermolysis temperature of 400°C with a value of 16.451 kJ/g. The experimental data obtained make it possible to use the obtained biochar from rice straw in the future as a biofertilizer to improve the characteristics of soils, as well as to use biochar obtained from rice husk to produce renewable fuel.

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Pyrolysis temperature influences the characteristics of rice straw and husk biochar and sorption/desorption behaviour of their biourea composite

Cited by 51 publications

References 39 publications

Potential Application of Biochar Composite Derived from Rice Straw and Animal Bones to Improve Plant Growth

Potential Application of Biochar Composite Derived from Rice Straw and Animal Bones to Improve Plant Growth

Analysis of operational issues in hydrothermal liquefaction and supercritical water gasification processes: a review

Obtaining Biochar From Rice Husk and Straw

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