Production of chitosan pellets by extrusion/spheronization

Steckel, Hartwig; Mindermann-Nogly, F.

doi:10.1016/s0939-6411(03)00156-5

Cited by 64 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…14 In this study, the mean Feret's diameters of the obtained pellets were in a range of 1.1 to 1.5 mm (Figure 3). Without sodium alginate, the pellet size tended to decrease with increasing amount of chitosan HW, whereas increasing amount of chitosan LW tended to increase the pellet size.…”

Section: Pellet Sizementioning

confidence: 50%

“…This led to the study on modification of drug release from pellets by incorporating other excipients into the formulations such as chitosan, [7][8][9][10] alginate, 10,11 and carbopol. 12,13 Some investigations are also performed to find an alternative extrusion aid to MCC, such as chitosan, [14][15][16] pectin, 17 and κ-carragenan. [18][19][20] Chitosan, a polysaccharide obtained by N-deacetylation of chitin, has been investigated as a pharmaceutical excipient for solid dosage forms as well as a carrier for new delivery systems owing to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, and nontoxic property.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In pellet production by twin-screw extruder, chitosan (Chitoclear FG95) could be loaded to 50% when using water as the granulation liquid, and could be loaded to 100% when using diluted acetic acid as the granulation liquid. 14 Agrawal et al 15 combined chitosan with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose as a binder in the production of ethylcellulose-based pellets using water as the granulation liquid. Chitosan was loaded at a maximum amount of 20% and spherical pellets could be prepared without MCC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of chitosan type on the properties of extruded pellets with low amount of microcrystalline cellulose

2007

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The purpose of this research was to study the influence of type of chitosan with different molecular weights, ie, 190 and 419 kDa, on properties of pellets prepared by extrusion/ spheronization. The formulations, consisting of acetaminophen as model drug, chitosan, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), and dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate with/without sodium alginate, were extruded using a twin-screw extruder and water as the granulating liquid. With 30% wt/wt MCC and no added sodium alginate, spherical pellets were produced containing low and high molecular weight chitosan at a maximum amount of 60% and 40% wt/wt, respectively. With sodium alginate (2.5% wt/wt), pellets with either type of chitosan (60% wt/wt), MCC (17.5% wt/wt), and acetaminophen (20% wt/wt) could be produced indicating an improved pelletforming ability. Type and amount of chitosan and added sodium alginate affected physical properties of pellets including size, roundness, crushing force, and drug release. Low molecular weight chitosan produced pellets with higher mean diameter, sphericity, and crushing force. Additionally, the pellets made of low molecular weight chitosan and added sodium alginate showed faster drug release in 0.1 N HCl but had slower drug release in pH 7.4 phosphate buffer. This indicated that drug release from pellets could be modified by the molecular weight of chitosan. In conclusion, the molecular weight of chitosan had a major influence on formation, physical properties, and drug release from the obtained pellets.

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Section: Pellet Sizementioning

confidence: 50%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of chitosan type on the properties of extruded pellets with low amount of microcrystalline cellulose

2007

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“…The use of spray dried chitosans as excipients for directly compressible tablet formulation and the effect of drying techniques on deacetylated and depolymerized chitosans have been reported earlier (10,11). Suitability of this biopolymer has been disclosed in formulating sustained release dosage forms of few drugs (9)(10)(11)(12)15).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Drying Methods on Swelling, Erosion and Drug Release from Chitosan–Naproxen Sodium Complexes

et al. 2007

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Abstract. The purpose of this research was to explore theapplication of ionic interactions between naproxen sodium (NS) and chitosan (CH) in complexes (NSC) prepared by tray drying (TD) and spray drying (SD) methods. Drug-polymer ratio (1:1) in the NSC was optimized on the basis of dialysis studies. The particulate systems of NSC were prepared by tray drying (TD) and spray drying (SD) methods. Release retarding polymers were added to the NSC and to the physical mixtures containing NS-CH and their effects on water uptake, matrix erosion and drug release at different pH were compared. Spray dried complexes (SDC) were spherical, free flowing, light and fine amorphous particles in contrast to the crystalline, hard, tenacious, irregularly shaped, denser tray dried complexes (TDC) with poor flowability. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) patterns confirm the conversion of crystalline to high energy amorphous phase suitable for ionic interactions in NSC. Presence of release retarding polymers, kappa carrageenan and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) in the NSC compacts retarded the drug release and improved the matrix integrity. Carrageenan matrices exhibited more retardation than HPMC tablets. FTIR patterns, erosion, swelling and drug release from matrices support ionic interactions between NS and CH in NSC. The reasons for retarded drug release from the chitosan matrices at acidic pH include poor solubility of drug at acidic pH, formation of a rate limiting polymer gel barrier along the periphery of matrices and the ionic interactions between oppositely charged moieties.

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“…It is thus important to evaluate the strength of the core particles. So far, several methods have been used to evaluate the strength of the core particles, such as the rotation test 14,15) and the compression test, 16) however these methods are complicated and time-consuming, and it would appear that there are few simple-and-easy-to-use test methods that can be used to evaluate and predict the friability of core particles during the coating process.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Granulation of Core Particles Suitable for Film Coating by Agitation Fluidized Bed I. Optimum Formulation for Core Particles and Development of a Novel Friability Test Method

Hamashita

Nakagawa

Aketo

et al. 2007

CHEMICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN

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To prepare powdered medicines without bitter taste, film coating is required to cover the surface of core particles. In this study, effect of formulation and operating conditions of agitation fluidized bed on the core particle properties was investigated. In order to prevent breakage of the core particles during coating process, which sometimes causes variation of drug dissolution rate, addition of maltose syrup powder during the formulation process of the core particles was investigated. Also, a method for friability test in which the core particles were subjected to strong impact was proposed to evaluate strength of the core particles. The friability of the core particles determined by this test method correlated well with the actual friability of the particles during the coating process. Based on this result, we confirmed this novel friability test method could predict the core particle endurance during the coating process.

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Production of chitosan pellets by extrusion/spheronization

Cited by 64 publications

References 7 publications

Influence of chitosan type on the properties of extruded pellets with low amount of microcrystalline cellulose

Influence of chitosan type on the properties of extruded pellets with low amount of microcrystalline cellulose

Effect of Drying Methods on Swelling, Erosion and Drug Release from Chitosan–Naproxen Sodium Complexes

Granulation of Core Particles Suitable for Film Coating by Agitation Fluidized Bed I. Optimum Formulation for Core Particles and Development of a Novel Friability Test Method

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