Production of butyrate from lysine and the Amadori product fructoselysine by a human gut commensal

Abstract

Human intestinal bacteria produce butyrate, which has signalling properties and can be used as energy source by enterocytes thus influencing colonic health. However, the pathways and the identity of bacteria involved in this process remain unclear. Here we describe the isolation from the human intestine of Intestinimonas strain AF211, a bacterium that can convert lysine stoichiometrically into butyrate and acetate when grown in a synthetic medium. Intestinimonas AF211 also converts the Amadori product fructoselysine, which is abundantly formed in heated foods via the Maillard reaction, into butyrate. The butyrogenic pathway includes a specific CoA transferase that is overproduced during growth on lysine. Bacteria related to Intestinimonas AF211 as well as the genetic coding capacity for fructoselysine conversion are abundantly present in colonic samples from some healthy human subjects. Our results indicate that protein can serve as a source of butyrate in the human colon, and its conversion by Intestinimonas AF211 and related butyrogens may protect the host from the undesired side effects of Amadori reaction products.

The Mouse Intestinal Bacterial Collection (miBC) provides host-specific insight into cultured diversity and functional potential of the gut microbiota

“…The collection also includes one strain of each species Intestinimonas butyriciproducens and 'Flintibacter butyricus' able to produce butyrate not only from sugars but also amino acids. A human isolate of I. butyriciproducens does so via a metabolic pathway so far unknown in gut environments 29 , highlighting the value of isolating bacteria to unravel functional novelty.…”

Function and Phylogeny of Bacterial Butyryl Coenzyme A:Acetate Transferases and Their Diversity in the Proximal Colon of Swine

“…However, any analysis of the butyrate-producing community that examines only the but gene cannot be considered exhaustive. The bacterial butyrate synthesis pathway can be completed by other proteins, such as Buk and Ato, as well as nonhomologous enzymes capable of But activity (13,19,48). Characterizing a wide variety of functional genes is a critical step in designing targeted primers and probes.…”

Comparison study of gut microbiota in case of Parkinson’s disease and other neurological disorders

“…Lactobacillus mucosae и Butyricimonas virosa яв-ляются важными компонентами здоровой ми-кробиоты и оказывают противовоспалительный и трофический ýффект на ýпителий кишечника [21,22]. Для бактерий рода Butyricimonas по-казано снижение представленности в кишечной микробиоте при рассеянном склерозе, больные данной патологией составляют практически по-ловину от группы сравнения [23].…”