Produção de tomate hidropônico utilizando rejeito da dessalinização na solução nutritiva aplicados em diferentes épocas

Abstract

), iniciando-se sua aplicação em diferentes estágios de desenvolvimento da cultura: 7; 32 e 58 dias após o transplantio (DAT). O delineamento foi inteiramente casualizado, com 9 tratamentos e três repetições cada, arranjados em um esquema fatorial 3x3 (níveis de salinidade x época de início da aplicação da salinidade), mais a testemunha. A salinidade da solução nutritiva produzida pelo rejeito salino reduziu, de forma significativa, a matéria fresca da parte aérea, matéria seca da parte aérea e a produção dos frutos da cultura do tomate. A época de início da aplicação do rejeito à solução nutritiva, reduziu apenas a matéria seca da parte aérea e a produção de frutos do tomateiro, quando aplicado a partir dos 7 DAT, enquanto a interação desses fatores não produziu efeito significativo para as variáveis estudadas. Palavras-chave: Lycopersicon esculentum, rejeito salino, salinidadeHydroponic tomato production using reject of desalination in the nutrient solution applied at different stages ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the response of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) in a hydroponic system, adding water from desalination in the composition of the nutrient solution, resulting in three levels of salinity of nutrient solution: 7,1; 8,7 and 10 ,1 dS m -1 , and the control (without addition of water from desalination: 2.1 dS m -1 ), starting its application at different stages of crop development: 7, 32 and 58 days after transplanting (DAT). The design was completely randomized with 9 treatments and 3 replications, arranged in a 3x3 factorial design (levels of salinity x starting time of the application of salinity), and control. The salinity of the nutrient solution produced by the saline water, significantly reduced the fresh weight of shoot, dry weight of shoots, and fruit production of tomato. The stage of the application of water in the nutrient solution only reduced the dry matter of shoot and fruit yield of tomato, when applied from 7 DAT, while the interaction of these factors did not produce significant effects for the variables.

Yield of cherry tomatoes as a function of water salinity and irrigation frequency

“…Similar results were obtained by Amor et al (2001) and Cosme et al (2011), studying the response of hydroponic tomato subjected to nutrient solution with different levels of salinity applied in different periods of the crop cycle. These authors also observed that cherry tomato plants suffered lower production losses when nutrient solution salinity was applied later in relation to the beginning of the cycle.…”

“…Other researchers, studying hydroponic tomato cultivation, also observed decrease in production (5.2, 5.3, 7.7 and 6.7% per dS m -1 ) as a function of the increase in nutrient solution salinity (Amor et al, 2001;Magán et al, 2008;Cosme et al, 2011;Gomes et al, 2011).…”

“…In this sense, hydropony has been indicated as a cultivation alternative suitable to regions where only brackish water is available (Santos et al, 2010;Cosme et al, 2011;Gomes et al, 2011).…”

“…In this context, Amor et al (2001) and Cosme et al (2011), cultivating hydroponic tomato using NS prepared with brackish water, applied in different crop development stages, observed that plant yield was higher when salinized NS was applied later and that there was higher damage to production when the solution was applied from the initial stage of the cycle on.…”

“…On the other hand, a longer interval between irrigations can subject plants to water deficit and, when combined with salinity conditions, it can intensify the negative effects of this stress on plants, with direct impact on production (Zanella et al, 2008;Monte et al, 2009;Cosme et al, 2011).…”