Prevalência do uso de drogas entre escolares do ensino médio do Município de São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brasil

Abstract

Este estudo dispõe-se a estudar as taxas de prevalência de consumo de substâncias psicoativas entre escolares do ensino médio no Município de São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brasil, e sua distribuição por sexo e período escolar. Utilizou-se um estudo de corte transversal em escolas públicas do ensino médio do município com uma amostragem de conglomerados. Aplicaram-se 1.041 questionários autopreenchíveis de maneira coletiva nas classes, mantidos sem identificação. As prevalências do consumo na vida foram: álcool 77%, tabaco 28,7%, solventes 18,1%, maconha 12,1%, anfetamínicos 3,7%, cocaína 3,3%, alucinógenos 3,1%, e crack 1,4%. O uso na semana de maconha foi o maior (2,8%), seguido dos solventes (1,3%). O sexo masculino consumiu mais álcool, maconha, cocaína e crack que o feminino. O período noturno teve prevalência significantemente superior para o tabaco, maconha, cocaína e alucinógeno. No presente estudo, verificou-se uma caracterização da prevalência do consumo de substâncias psicoativas em São José do Rio Preto semelhante à encontrada em outros estudos brasileiros.

Perfil sociodemográfico e uso de drogas lícitas e ilícitas entre estudantes do ensino médio

“…These results corroborate the results of several studies on the subject conducted in Palhoça, Santa Catarina, with 889 students from public and private schools (1) and in São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, with 1035 public school students (6) . They are legally permitted substances, so this fact is not widely emphasized, since these substances are part of everyday life for many people.…”

“…They are legally permitted substances, so this fact is not widely emphasized, since these substances are part of everyday life for many people. The data from this study not only corroborate with the available studies in the literature (1,3,6,8) but also extend the results found related to age, strengthening the need for the implementation of public health policies of psychopharmacological support and guidance to the students in the 3rd year of the nighttime period in public and private secondary education.…”

“…The licit and illicit drugs consumption during secondary education can be related to many factors, including socioeconomic and cultural factors (6) . Besides these factors, it can be considered the free access to these substances, the absence of a solid family structure, an unsatisfactory relationship with parents, attention and behavior problems, drug use by other family members and their own processing stage of adolescence, suggesting that this may be a critical period for these substances use, reinforcing the need for studies among the 3rd grade of secondary education students from public and private schools to provide data that support readily identifying some parameters related to the use of licit and illegal drugs.…”

“…The factors characterization and investigation associated with drug use among students of secondary education can be an important tool for public policy in seeking assistance for prevention, combating and treating psychoactive substances abuse (6) . Given this context, the present study aimed to determine the socio-demographic profile and factors associated with licit and illicit drugs use among the 3rd year of nighttime students of secondary education of public and private school in the city of Picos, Piauí.…”

A percepção de cegos e cegas diante das drogas

“…Educational events and talks with teachers are mentioned as ways to increase their knowledge, confirming the school to be the place to approach issues related with drug abuse (16) . Schools have a new challenge: to educate for prevention, prioritizing self-knowledge in students, their self-esteem, the ability to make decisions and deal with the group, the ability to resist to peer pressure and to present the best alternative to face drug use among students (17) .…”