Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in Brazil

Cimerman, Sérgio; Cimerman, Benjamin; Lewi, David Salomão

doi:10.1016/s1201-9712(99)90025-5

Cited by 92 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The HIV-positive patients were more susceptible to infection by S. stercoralis, compared to the HIVnegative patients (odds ratio= 5.687). This observation is similar to what was found in previous studies, where the parasite seems to be constantly associated with infection by HIV [18].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Evaluation of techniques for the diagnosis of Strongyloides stercoralis in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive and HIV negative individuals in the city of Itajaí, Brazil

Blatt¹,

Cantos²

2003

Braz J Infect Dis

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Evaluation of techniques for the diagnosis of Strongyloides stercoralis in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive and HIV negative individuals in the city of Itajaí, Brazil

Blatt¹,

Cantos²

2003

Braz J Infect Dis

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“…However, Cryptosporidium was the most commonly found, followed by G. lamblia, E. histolytica, and I. belli. On the other hand, two other studies in the States of Minas Gerais and São Paulo showed the presence of diarrhea in patients with I. belli, G. lamblia, and Cryptosporidium 11,12 . Few effects were attributed to helminths in the natural history and epidemiology of AIDS; although Strongyloidiasis has been more frequently described in Brazilian medical history, its prevalence in AIDS cases was 4.5% compared to 1.4% in the population in general 12 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…This fact caught our attention because in some regions of São Paulo, up to 40% of the population carries this protozoan but without apparent symptoms 12 . On the other hand, the low frequency of this infection may be related to the fact that the elimination of the parasite forms of this protozoan is intermittent 23 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enteric parasites in HIV-1/AIDS-infected patients from a Northwestern São Paulo reference unit in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era

Cardoso

Galisteu

Júnior

et al. 2011

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Introduction:We describe the epidemiology of intestinal parasites in patients from an AIDS reference service in Northeastern São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: Retrospective evaluation was done for all HIV-1/AIDS-positive patients whose Hospital de Base/São José do Rio Preto laboratorial analysis was positive for enteroparasites after diagnosis of HIV-1 infection, from January 1998 to December 2008. Statistical analysis was performed using the R statistical software version 2.4.1. The level of significance adopted was 5%. Results: The most frequent protozoan was Isospora belli (4.2%), followed by Giardia lamblia (3.5%), Entamoeba coli (2.8%), and Cryptosporidium parvum (0.3%). Ancylostoma duodenale (1.4%) was the most frequently detected helminth, while Taenia saginata and Strongiloides stercoralis were found in 0.7% of the samples. The results showed that diarrhea was significantly associated with giardiasis and isosporiasis. However, no association was observed between CD4 + cell counts, viral load, and the characteristics of any particular parasite. Conclusions: Our data may be useful for further comparisons with other Brazilian regions and other developing countries. The data may also provide important clues toward improving the understanding, prevention, and control of enteric parasites around the world. Keywords: Epidemiology. HIV-1. AIDS. Enteroparasites. HAART. Brazil. RESUMOIntrodução: Descrevemos a epidemiologia de enteroparasitoses em pacientes de um serviço de referência de AIDS, no noroeste paulista, Brasil. Métodos: Durante o período de janeiro de 1998 a dezembro de 2008, foi realizado este estudo retrospectivo por meio da análise dos prontuários dos pacientes diagnosticados com HIV-1/AIDS atendidos no Ambulatório de Doenças Infecto-Parasitárias do Hospital de Base, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas usando a versão 2.4.1 do software estatístico R. O nível de significância adotado foi de 5%. Resultados: O protozoário mais frequente foi o Isospora belli (4,2%), seguido da Giardia lamblia (3,5%), Entamoeba coli (2,8%) e Criptosporidium parvum (0,3%). O Ancylostoma duodenalis (1,4%) foi o helminto mais detectado, enquanto a Taenia saginata e o Strongiloides stercoralis foram observados em 0,7% das amostras. Os resultados mostraram que a diarreia foi significativamente associada com giardíase e isosporíase. Entretanto, nenhuma associação foi observada entre as contagens de células T CD4 + , carga viral e da característica de qualquer parasita em particular. Conclusões: Nossos dados podem ser úteis para futuras comparações com outras regiões do Brasil e outros países em desenvolvimento. Os dados também podem fornecer pistas importantes para a melhoria da compreensão, prevenção e controle de parasitas entéricos em todo o mundo. Palavras-chaves: Epidemiologia. HIV-1. AIDS. Enteroparasitas. HAART. Brasil.

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“…as a causative agent of severe and chronic diarrhea, representing an important cause of morbidity and mortality among malnourished children and immunocompromised patients, such as those infected with HIV or submitted to organ transplants 8,25,28 , has been extensively discussed in the literature. However, the prevalence of this parasite in immunocompetent children is not well known.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…in their stools 5,7,8,15,19,25 . Serological surveys conducted in Brazil showed the presence of antiCryptosporidium antibodies in a large number of children living in slums of the northeastern region of Fortaleza, state of Ceara 1 , and also in individuals with no intestinal symptoms living in the state of São Paulo.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotypic identification of Cryptosporidium spp. isolated from hiv-infected patients and immunocompetent children of São Paulo, Brazil

Araújo

Kanamura

Almeida

et al. 2008

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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SUMMARYCryptosporidium isolates identified in fourteen stool samples, collected from five HIV-infected patients and nine immunocompetent children, living in the Sate of São Paulo, Brazil, were submitted to a molecular analysis using a nested PCR followed of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), for genetic characterization. The analysis was based on digestion with RsaI restriction enzyme of a DNA fragment amplified from the Cryptosporidium oocyst wall protein (COWP) gene. Based on this analysis, four samples were identified as Cryptosporidium parvum, eight as Cryptosporidium hominis and two presented a profile that corresponded to Cryptosporidium meleagridis when compared to the standards used in the analysis. The use of molecular methods can be helpful to identify source of infections and risk factors related to Cryptosporidium infection in our communities.

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Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in Brazil

Abstract: The data support the value of standard fecal examinations in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients, even in the absence of diarrhea, since these examinations easily can be performed, with low costs, and frequently disclose treatable conditions.

Cited by 92 publications

References 14 publications

Evaluation of techniques for the diagnosis of Strongyloides stercoralis in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive and HIV negative individuals in the city of Itajaí, Brazil

Evaluation of techniques for the diagnosis of Strongyloides stercoralis in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive and HIV negative individuals in the city of Itajaí, Brazil

Enteric parasites in HIV-1/AIDS-infected patients from a Northwestern São Paulo reference unit in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era

Genotypic identification of Cryptosporidium spp. isolated from hiv-infected patients and immunocompetent children of São Paulo, Brazil

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