Prevalence of and factors associated with feline leukemia virus (FeLV) and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) in cats of the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil

Biezus, Giovana; Machado, Gustavo; Ferian, Paulo Eduardo; Costa, Ubirajara Maciel da; Pereira, Leonardo Henrique Hasckel da Silva; Withoeft, Jéssica Aline; Nunes, Igor Augusto Coelho; Müller, Thiago Rinaldi; Cristo, Thierry Grima de; Casagrande, Renata Assis

doi:10.1016/j.cimid.2018.12.004

Cited by 31 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…FIV prevalence in Brazil appears to be lower than that of FeLV, with studies showing values of 3.33% (15/450) by PCR (Caxito et al 2006), 4.14% (6/145) by PCR (Teixeira et al 2007), 5.5% (5/90) by ELISA (Marcondes et al 2018), 5.63% (17/302) by ELISA (Sobrinho et al 2011), 5.84% (16/247) by ELISA (Biezus et al 2019), 6.1% (14/230) by immunochromatography (Lacerda et al 2017), 6.1% (9/148) by ELISA and PCR (Teixeira et al 2019) and 14.7% (67/454) by PCR (Lara et al 2008) [EB1]. In a study conducted in southern Brazil with 40 cats showing clinical signs of FIV infection, 15 (37.5%) had the infection confirmed by PCR (Caldas et al 2000) [EB1].…”

Section: Feline Retrovirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prevalence of FeLV infection reported in Brazil varies according to the region studied, with values of 0.33% (1/302) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (Sobrinho et al 2011), 1.1% (1/90) by ELISA (Marcondes et al 2018), 2.6% (6/230) by immunochromatography (Lacerda et al 2017), 11.52% (126/1094) by immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) (Almeida et al 2012), 22.26% (55/247) by ELISA (Biezus et al 2019), 32.5% (13/40) by ELISA (Teixeira et al 2007), 38.3% (46/120) by IFAT (Meinerz et al 2010) and 47.5% (507/1072) by PCR (Coelho et al 2011) [EB1]. Leukaemia was associated with FeLV infection in 78.4% (29/37) of the cases in a study conducted in Brazil (Cristo et al 2019a,b) [EB1].…”

Section: Feline Retrovirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Brazil) FeLV has been reported to be highly prevalent in some regions (i.e. the southeast and deep south of the country) and much less prevalent in others, such as the north (Almeida et al 2012, Lacerda et al 2017, Biezus et al 2019, Cristo et al 2019a [EB1]. Overall, FeLV prevalence in Brazil seems to be considerably higher than in many other countries where its prevalence has been studied (Galdo Novo et al 2016) [EB1].…”

Section: Feline Vaccination: Aspirational Protocolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recommendations on vaccination for Latin American small animal practitioners: a report of the WSAVA Vaccination Guidelines Group

Day

Crawford

Marcondes

et al. 2020

J of Small Animal Practice

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Executive Summary The World Small Animal Veterinary Association Vaccination Guidelines Group has produced global guidelines for small companion animal practitioners on best practice in canine and feline vaccination. Recognising that there are unique aspects of veterinary practice in certain geographical regions of the world, the Vaccination Guidelines Group undertook a regional project in Latin America between 2016 and 2019, culminating in the present document. The Vaccination Guidelines Group gathered scientific and demographic data during visits to Argentina, Brazil and Mexico, by discussion with national key opinion leaders, visiting veterinary practices and review of the scientific literature. A questionnaire survey was completed by 1390 veterinarians in five Latin American countries and the Vaccination Guidelines Group delivered continuing education at seven events attended by over 3500 veterinarians. The Vaccination Guidelines Group recognised numerous challenges in Latin America, for example: (1) lack of national oversight of the veterinary profession, (2) extraordinary growth in private veterinary schools of undetermined quality, (3) socioeconomic constraints on client engagement with preventive health care, (4) high regional prevalence of some key infectious diseases (e.g. feline leukaemia virus infection, canine visceral leishmaniosis), (5) almost complete lack of minimal antigen vaccine products as available in other markets, (6) relative lack of vaccine products with extended duration of immunity as available in other markets, (7) availability of vaccine products withdrawn from other markets (e.g. Giardia vaccine) or unique to Latin America (e.g. some Leishmania vaccines), (8) accessibility of vaccines directly by pet owners or breeders such that vaccination is not delivered under veterinary supervision, (9) limited availability of continuing education in veterinary vaccinology and lack of compulsion for continuing professional development and (10) limited peer‐reviewed published scientific data on small companion animal infectious diseases (with the exception of leishmaniosis) and lack of support for such academic research. In this document, the Vaccination Guidelines Group summarises the findings of this project and assesses in evidence‐based fashion the scientific literature pertaining to companion animal vaccine‐preventable diseases in Latin America. The Vaccination Guidelines Group makes some recommendations on undergraduate and postgraduate education and academic research. Recognising that current product availability in Latin America does not permit veterinarians in these countries to vaccinate according to the global World Small Animal Veterinary Association guidelines, the Vaccination Guidelines Group makes a series of “pragmatic” recommendations as to what might be currently achievable, and a series of “aspirational” recommendations as to what might be desirable for the future. The concept of “vaccine husbandry” is addressed via some simple guidelines for the management of vaccine products i...

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Section: Feline Retrovirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Feline Retrovirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Feline Vaccination: Aspirational Protocolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recommendations on vaccination for Latin American small animal practitioners: a report of the WSAVA Vaccination Guidelines Group

Day

Crawford

Marcondes

et al. 2020

J of Small Animal Practice

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“…By contrast, studies conducted in developed countries, mainly in Europe and North America indicate a much lower occurrence of these viral infections after the implementation of vaccination practices, testing and quarantine programs . Previous studies have indicated a likely association between the high retroviral infection prevalence in Brazil with epidemiological factors including deficient vaccination and testing practices, which have been associated with the occurrence of haematopoietic neoplasia in Brazil …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The epidemiological characteristics of lymphomas in Brazil are likely to differ from developed countries, since the infections by FeLV and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) are still frequent . FIV and FeLV prevalence studies are still scant in Brazil, and even though results present a considerable variation associated with the study design employed, prevalence results as high as 31% and 10.1% for FIV and FeLV infections, respectively, have been described in certain areas .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological, pathological and immunohistochemical aspects of 125 cases of feline lymphoma in Southern Brazil

Leite-Filho

Panziera

Bandinelli

et al. 2019

Vet Comparative Oncology

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A retrospective study compiling cases of feline lymphoma diagnosed during 12 years (2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015)(2016) in Southern Brazil was performed. A total of 125 cases of lymphoma diagnosed in cats were reviewed, and information including age, breed, sex and tumour topography were collected. FeLV and FIV immunohistochemical tests were performed, as well as immunophenotyping of lymphomas. The alimentary form represented the most common presentation (42/125), followed by mediastinal lymphoma (35/125). Out of 125 cases, 79 presented positive retroviral immunostaining in tumour tissue (52 FeLV alone, 14 FIV alone and 13 presented FIV and FeLV co-infections), 66/125 of the cases were of T-cell origin and 59/125 of the cases were of Bcell origin. The median age of cats with T-cell lymphoma was 120 months (10-240 months), and 60 months (6-204 months) for cats with B-cell lymphoma. The most frequent alimentary tumour presentation was the enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma (type 1), and the major type of mediastinal tumour observed was diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Considering only mediastinal and alimentary lymphomas (n = 77), the prevalence of mediastinal lymphoma in FeLV-positive cats was 2.21 times higher than the prevalence of this type of tumour in FeLV-negative cats (P = .036).Mediastinal lymphoma was more frequently observed in younger cats, and the prevalence of mediastinal tumours in these animals was 3.06 times higher than the prevalence of this tumour form in old cats (P = .0125). The present study indicates that retroviral infections still play an important role in the development of feline lymphomas in southern Brazil.

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Infection with Dirofilaria immitis and Other Infections in Cats and Dogs from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: The Need for Prophylactic Enforcement

Mendes-de-Almeida

Alves

Fernandes³

et al. 2021

Acta Parasit.

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Prevalence of and factors associated with feline leukemia virus (FeLV) and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) in cats of the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil

Cited by 31 publications

References 28 publications

Recommendations on vaccination for Latin American small animal practitioners: a report of the WSAVA Vaccination Guidelines Group

Recommendations on vaccination for Latin American small animal practitioners: a report of the WSAVA Vaccination Guidelines Group

Epidemiological, pathological and immunohistochemical aspects of 125 cases of feline lymphoma in Southern Brazil

Infection with Dirofilaria immitis and Other Infections in Cats and Dogs from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: The Need for Prophylactic Enforcement

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