Pressure sensing using low-cost microstrip antenna sensor

Yao, Jun; Xu, C. C.; Mears, Austin; Jaguan, M.; Tjuatja, S.; Huang, H

doi:10.1117/12.2084283

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…S parameters (

and

) are defined as the input-output relationship between terminals of the EM sensors [ 5 ]. The authors in [ 6 ] present a novel pressure sensor using a low-cost microstrip patch antenna placed at a distance from reflection plate foil. This paper indicates that when pressure is applied on the plate, the distance between patch and plate is reduced.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wearable Blood Pressure Sensing Based on Transmission Coefficient Scattering for Microstrip Patch Antennas

Abbasi

Madi

Jelinek

et al. 2022

Sensors

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Painless, cuffless and continuous blood pressure monitoring sensors provide a more dynamic measure of blood pressure for critical diagnosis or continuous monitoring of hypertensive patients compared to current cuff-based options. To this end, a novel flexible, wearable and miniaturized microstrip patch antenna topology is proposed to measure dynamic blood pressure (BP). The methodology was implemented on a simulated five-layer human tissue arm model created and designed in High-Frequency Simulation Software “HFSS”. The electrical properties of the five-layer human tissue were set at the frequency range (2–3) GHz to comply with clinical/engineering standards. The fabricated patch incorporated on a 0.4 mm epoxy substrate achieved consistency between the simulated and measured reflection coefficient results at flat and bent conditions over the frequency range of 2.3–2.6 GHz. Simulations for a 10 g average specific absorption rate (SAR) based on IEEE-Standard for a human arm at different input powers were also carried out. The safest input power was 50 mW with an acceptable SAR value of 3.89 W/Kg < 4W/Kg. This study also explored a novel method to obtain the pulse transit time (PTT) as an option to measure BP. Pulse transmit time is based on obtaining the time difference between the transmission coefficient scattering waveforms measured between the two pairs of metallic sensors underlying the assumption that brachial arterial geometries are dynamic. Consequently, the proposed model is validated by comparing it to the standard nonlinear Moens and Korteweg model over different artery thickness-radius ratios, showing excellent correlation between 0.76 ± 0.03 and 0.81 ± 0.03 with the systolic and diastolic BP results. The absolute risk of arterial blood pressure increased with the increase in brachial artery thickness-radius ratio. The results of both methods successfully demonstrate how the radius estimates, PTT and pulse wave velocity (PWV), along with electromagnetic (EM) antenna transmission propagation characteristics, can be used to estimate continuous BP non-invasively.

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“…S parameters (

and

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accordingly, ref. [ 6 ] focused on designing two transmitting and two receiving antennas in parallel for the purpose of the non-invasive continuous blood pressure estimation method. The authors of [ 7 ] did not include the arterial blood pressure variations over time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wearable Blood Pressure Sensing Based on Transmission Coefficient Scattering for Microstrip Patch Antennas

Abbasi

Madi

Jelinek

et al. 2022

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…LC) sensing technology [4][5][6], surface acoustic wave sensing technology [7,8] and microwave scattering (i.e. RF) signal reading technology [9][10][11][12][13][14]. RF signal reading technology uses force-sensitive frequency reconfigurable antenna to convert the measured mechanical signal into frequency signal, and has the advantages of miniaturization, integration and suitable for long-distance transmission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible force sensitive frequency reconfigurable antenna base on stretchable conductive fabric

Shao¹,

Tang²,

Yang³

et al. 2022

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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With the development of wireless technology and flexible electronics, flexible frequency reconfigurable antennas have been directly used as sensors to detect mechanical signals. As an important frequency reconfigurable antenna, microstrip antenna has been widely studied in the field of flexible and flexible electronics in recent years. However, the stretchability of microstrip antennas usually comes at the cost of reducing the conductivity of the radiated conductor. Here, we report a flexible force sensitive frequency reconfigurable microstrip antenna, which fabricated by silver fiber conductive fabric with a double-wire braided structure. In order to increase the detection of pressure, an elastic dielectric layer with a microhemispheric array was introduced into the microstrip antenna to extend the frequency band width of the reconfigurable antenna. The relative frequency of the antenna varied from 0~-12.9%, and the sensing sensitivity was -1.9 kPa-1. As potential applications, we demonstrate the use of a flexible frequency reconfigurable antenna base on stretchable conductive fabric as a strain sensor capable of measuring bending angle and movements of a human finger. The change in the resonance frequency with the externally applied tensile strain in this antenna design has a sensitivity of 3.448, manifesting a 4.19- and a 13.79-fold increase of sensitivity when compared to those in previous reports that used arched or both-planes serpentine rectangular microstrip antenna. This is of great significance for the application of wearable antenna in wireless mechanical sensing technology.

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“…The electronic effect of active devices fade, even disappear, as temperature increases; therefore, active devices usually work at temperatures below 600 °C [ 3 , 6 , 10 , 11 , 12 ], far lower than the requirement of aeronautical applications. The second method employs passive pressure measuring devices with electronic interconnection [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. In these devices, piezo resistive and capacitive pressure sensors are typical.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave Wire Interrogation Method Mapping Pressure under High Temperatures

et al. 2017

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It is widely accepted that wireless reading for in-situ mapping of pressure under high-temperature environments is the most feasible method, because it is not subject to frequent heterogeneous jointing failures and electrical conduction deteriorating, or even disappearing, under heat load. However, in this article, we successfully demonstrate an in-situ pressure sensor with wire interrogation for high-temperature applications. In this proof-of-concept study of the pressure sensor, we used a microwave resonator as a pressure-sensing component and a microwave transmission line as a pressure characteristic interrogation tunnel. In the sensor, the line and resonator are processed into a monolith, avoiding a heterogeneous jointing failure; further, microwave signal transmission does not depend on electrical conduction, and consequently, the sensor does not suffer from the heat load. We achieve pressure monitoring under 400 °C when employing the sensor simultaneously. Our sensor avoids restrictions that exist in wireless pressure interrogations, such as environmental noise and interference, signal leakage and security, low transfer efficiency, and so on.

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Pressure sensing using low-cost microstrip antenna sensor

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

Wearable Blood Pressure Sensing Based on Transmission Coefficient Scattering for Microstrip Patch Antennas

Wearable Blood Pressure Sensing Based on Transmission Coefficient Scattering for Microstrip Patch Antennas

Flexible force sensitive frequency reconfigurable antenna base on stretchable conductive fabric

Microwave Wire Interrogation Method Mapping Pressure under High Temperatures

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