Porównanie dokładności dwóch metod pomiaru emisji lotnych – według normy EN 15446 oraz z zastosowaniem urządzenia Hi Flow Sampler – wyniki projektu GERG (The European Gas Research Group)

Dyakowska, E.; Pęgielska, Magdalena

doi:10.18668/ng.2016.08.11

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…They gave quite reliable data in laboratory conditions when properly correcting for the influence of air temperature and relative humidity [25], as well as in the field for recording ambient concentrations [26]. Dyakowska and Pęgielska [27] tested trained operators using the EN 15446 and the Hi Flow sampler technique and found that the Hi Flow sampler gave the best results. By carefully following the measurement procedures, the best operator was able to quantify the leak rates to within 3.5% in blind tests.…”

Section: Leak Rate Quantificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Common Risk Classification Concept for Safety Related Gas Leaks and Fugitive Emissions?

Log

Pedersen

2019

Energies

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Gas leaks in the oil and gas industry represent a safety risk as they, if ignited, may result in severe fires and/or explosions. Unignited, they have environmental impacts. This is particularly the case for methane leaks due to a significant Global Warming Potential (GWP). Since gas leak rates may span several orders of magnitude, that is, from leaks associated with potential major accidents to fugitive emissions on the order of 10−6 kg/s, it has been difficult to organize the leaks in an all-inclusive leak categorization model. The motivation for the present study was to develop a simple logarithmic table based on an existing consequence matrix for safety related incidents extended to include non-safety related fugitive emissions. An evaluation sheet was also developed as a guide for immediate risk evaluations when new leaks are identified. The leak rate table and evaluation guide were tested in the field at five land-based oil and gas facilities during Optical Gas Inspection (OGI) campaigns. It is demonstrated how the suggested concept can be used for presenting and analysing detected leaks to assist in Leak Detection and Repair (LDAR) programs. The novel categorization table was proven valuable in prioritizing repair of “super-emitter” components rather than the numerous minor fugitive emissions detected by OGI cameras, which contribute little to the accumulated emissions. The study was limited to five land based oil and gas facilities in Norway. However, as the results regarding leak rate distribution and “super-emitter” contributions mirror studies from other regions, the methodology should be generally applicable. To emphasize environmental impact, it is suggested to include leaking gas GWP in future research on the categorization model, that is, not base prioritization solely on leak rates. Research on OGI campaign frequency is recommended since frequent coarse campaigns may give an improved cost benefit ratio.

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Section: Leak Rate Quantificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Common Risk Classification Concept for Safety Related Gas Leaks and Fugitive Emissions?

Log

Pedersen

2019

Energies

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“…Przeliczenia te wykonywane są przy użyciu odpowiednich równań korelacyjnych [21]. Jednak słuszność takiego podejścia budzi poważne zastrzeżenia branży gazowniczej [4,5]. Ponadto opisana w normie procedura pomiaru zawartości metanu w powietrzu zakłada, że wylot sondy urzą-dzenia umieszcza się na powierzchni nieszczelnego elementu.…”

Section: Metody Korelacyjneunclassified

Przegląd metod pomiaru emisji metanu wraz z analizą możliwości ich zastosowania do pomiaru emisji metanu z gazociągów

Holewa-Rataj

Badawczy

Kukulska–Zając

2018

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Przegląd metod pomiaru emisji metanu wraz z analizą możliwości ich zastosowania do pomiaru emisji metanu z gazociągów W artykule dokonano przeglądu metod pomiaru emisji metanu stosowanych w gazownictwie. Przedstawiono charakterystykę różnych metod pomiaru jego emisji: korelacyjnej, z zastosowaniem środka spieniającego, z użyciem worków gazoszczelnych, znacznikowych, bilansowych, pomiaru z opływem powietrza, opartych na analizie obrazów rejestrowanych w podczerwieni. Przeanalizowano możliwość zastosowania poszczególnych metod pomiaru emisji metanu do pomiarów emisji z elementów podziemnych (gazociągów). Przeprowadzone analizy wykazały, że do pomiarów emisji metanu z gazociągów najlepiej nadaje się metoda z opływem powietrza.Słowa kluczowe: sieci gazowe, emisja metanu, pomiar emisji metanu.A review of methane emission measurement methods along with an analysis of their applicability to the measurement of methane emissions from gas pipelines This article reviews methane emission measurement methods used in the gas industry. The characteristics of the methane emission measurement methods: correlation methods, soapy water methods, bagging methods, indicator methods, direct flow measurement method and pressure decay method, air flow methods and infrared imaging techniques. The possibility of applying individual methods of measurement of methane emissions for measurements of underground elements (gas pipelines) has been analyzed. The analyzes carried out showed that for methane emission from gas pipelines the air flow method is best suited.

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“…Dyakowska and Pęgielska [6] arranged blind tests where operators compared two different quantification techniques for leak rates below 1.0 L/min, i.e., the EN 15446 and the Hi Flow sampler. In the EN 15446 method, the gas concentration is recorded in ppm, and correlation factors are used to estimate the leak rate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on these recordings and the known total flow rate, the gas leak rate is calculated. Dyakowska and Pęgielska [6] concluded that the Hi Flow sampler gave them the best results. When following the procedures closely, the better of two operators recorded the blind test leak rates to within 3.5% of the real release rates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Gas Imaging (OGI) as a Moderator for Interdisciplinary Cooperation, Reduced Emissions and Increased Safety

2019

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Optical Gas Imaging (OGI) cameras represent an interesting tool for identifying leaking components in hydrocarbon processing and transport systems. They make it possible to see exactly where a leak originates, thereby enabling efficient leak detection and repair (LDAR) programs. The present paper reports on an OGI test campaign initiated by the Norwegian Environmental Agency (NEA), and how this campaign stimulated cross-disciplinary cooperation at an LNG plant for better control of both fugitive hydrocarbon emissions and safety-related leaks. A surprising potentially severe leak detected in the NEA campaign triggered the introduction of in-house OGI cameras at plants and refineries, and an inter-disciplinary cooperation between specialists in the environment, technical safety and operations. Some benefits of in-house OGI cameras, as well as some concerns regarding their use are presented and discussed. The general experience is that an Ex safe, i.e., rated for safe use in a combustible hydrocarbon gas atmosphere, OGI camera, represents a very valuable tool for detecting fugitive emissions as the start point for LDAR programs. An OGI camera did, however, also turn out to be a valuable tool for fire and explosion risk management, and has led to reduced downtime after leak incidents. The concerns relate to leaks seen through the OGI camera that may look overwhelming, even with concentrations well below the ignitable limits of the released gas. Based on the LNG plant experiences, it is generally recommended that specialists in the environment, technical safety, operations and teaching fields cooperate regarding the introduction and use of OGI cameras. Suggestions for training courses are also discussed.

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Porównanie dokładności dwóch metod pomiaru emisji lotnych – według normy EN 15446 oraz z zastosowaniem urządzenia Hi Flow Sampler – wyniki projektu GERG (The European Gas Research Group)

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

A Common Risk Classification Concept for Safety Related Gas Leaks and Fugitive Emissions?

A Common Risk Classification Concept for Safety Related Gas Leaks and Fugitive Emissions?

Przegląd metod pomiaru emisji metanu wraz z analizą możliwości ich zastosowania do pomiaru emisji metanu z gazociągów

Optical Gas Imaging (OGI) as a Moderator for Interdisciplinary Cooperation, Reduced Emissions and Increased Safety

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